You want to know whether men or women are more likely to take a set of stairs or an escalator. You position yourself in a shopping mall where a set of stairs and an escalator are near each other and equally accessible. During 1 hr, you record the gender and choice of each lone adult who enters either the stairs or the escalator. Of 34 lone men, 21 choose the stairs and 13 choose the escalator. Of 69 lone women, 31 choose the stairs and 38 choose the escalator.
a. What are the two variables in this study?
b. State the research hypothesis.
c. What is the df for this study?
d. Complete the following table. Fill in observed frequencies and row and column totals. Use row and column totals to compute expected frequencies. Put the expected frequencies in parentheses.

e. Calculate χ2.
f. Interpret the result at the .01 and .05 error levels: Is the research hypothesis supported? If so, with what level of confidence?

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Stairs Escalator Men Women