Black powder has been used as a blasting agent and a rifle propellant for hundreds, if not

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Black powder has been used as a blasting agent and a rifle propellant for hundreds, if not thousands, of years. It is a mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal, and sulfur. The reaction that occurs during black powder combustion is

\[ 2 \mathrm{KNO}_{3}+3 \mathrm{C}+\mathrm{S} ightarrow \mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{~S}+3 \mathrm{CO}_{2}+\mathrm{N}_{2} \]

Estimate the TNT equivalence (in \(\mathrm{kg}\) ) of \(1 \mathrm{~kg}\) of black powder. The heats of formation are given below:

Species KNO3 CO KS Heat of formation (kJ/mol) -494.6 -393.6 -380.7

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