On January 2, 2012, Cruz Company bought a machine for use in operations. The machine has an estimated useful life of eight years and an estimated residual value of $2,600. The company provided the following expenditures:

a. Invoice price of the machine, $85,000.

b. Freight paid by the vendor per sales agreement, $1,000.

c. Installation costs, $2,400 paid in cash.

d. Payment was made as follows:

On January 2:

■ The installation costs were paid in cash.

■ Cruz Company common stock, par $1; 2,000 shares (market value, $3.50 per share).

■ Note payable, $45,000; 11.5 percent due April 16, 2012 (principal plus interest).

■ Balance of invoice price to be paid in cash. The invoice allows for a 3 percent discount for cash paid by January 12.

On January 15:

■ Cruz Company paid the balance due.

Required:

1. What are the classifications of long-lived assets? Explain their differences.

2. Record the purchase on January 2 and the subsequent payment on January 15. Show computations.

3. Indicate the accounts, amounts, and effects ( + for increase and − for decrease) of the purchase and subsequent cash payment on the accounting equation. Use the following structure:

Date                Assets              =          Liabilities         +         Stockholders’ Equity

4. Explain the basis you used for any questionable items.