A radiative heater consists of a bank of ceramic tubes with internal heating elements. The tubes are of diameter D = 20 mm and are separated by a distance s = 50 mm. A reradiating surface is positioned behind the heating tubes as shown in the schematic. Determine the net radiative heat flux to the heated material when the heating tubes (?_h = 0.87) are maintained at 1000 K. The heated material (?_m = 0.26) is at a temperature of 500 K.

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Heating element 7= 1000 K E0 87 Reradiating D- 20 mm = 50 mm Matenal T- 500 K =0.26