The crystalline hydrate Cd(NO 3 ) 2 4H 2 O(s) loses water when placed in a

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The crystalline hydrate Cd(NO3)2 ∙ 4H2O(s) loses water when placed in a large, closed, dry vessel:

Cd(NO;)2 · 4 H,O(s) Cd(NO3)2(s) + 4 H2O(g)


This process is spontaneous and ΔH is positive. Is this process an exception to Bertholet’s generalization that all spontaneous changes are exothermic? Explain.

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Chemistry The Central Science

ISBN: 978-0321696724

12th edition

Authors: Theodore Brown, Eugene LeMay, Bruce Bursten, Catherine Murphy, Patrick Woodward

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