If the rates in Problems 10.42 and 10.43 are the true rates, how many participants will be needed in each group if a one-sided test with α = .05 is to be used and an 80% chance of finding a significant difference is desired?

Cardiovascular Disease

A secondary prevention trial of lipid lowering is planned in patients with previous myocardial infarction (MI). Patients are to be randomized to either a treatment group receiving diet therapy and cholesterol-lowering drugs or a control group receiving diet therapy and placebo pills. The study endpoint is to be a combined endpoint consisting of either definite fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) or nonfatal MI (i.e., a new nonfatal MI distinct from previous events). Suppose it is projected that the incidence of combined events among controls is 7% per year.