In the Chapter 4 exercises you read about a research article, Power Posing: Brief Nonverbal Displays Affect

In the Chapter 4 exercises you read about a research article, €œPower Posing: Brief Nonverbal Displays Affect Neuroendocrine Levels and Risk Tolerance,€ that was published in Psychological Science, September 2010, and describes an experiment involving 42 participants (male and female), where 20 participants were randomly assigned to hold low power poses (contractive positions, closed limbs) and 22 to hold high-power poses (expansive positions, open limbs) for two minutes. All participants were told that the aim of this exercise was to see if their heart rate changed. Aft er the exercise, each participant was given $2 and told that they could keep the money or roll a die for a double or nothing. Th e resulting data are shown below. Research question: Are people who hold €œhigh-power poses€ more likely to take risks (such as the double or nothing bet) compared to those who hold €œlow-power poses€?
a. Find the observed difference in the conditional proportion of bet takers between those who held low-power poses and those who held high-power poses.
b. Give two possible explanations for the observed difference in conditional proportions as reported in part (a).

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Low-power pose High-power pose Total 3 21 Took the "double or nothing" bet? No Yes 18 21 4 17 Total 22 20