In 2017, the journal Obesity reported on trends in sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption. A random sample of youths aged 12 to 19 years old were asked to monitor all food and beverages consumed in a 24-hour period. The study was done in 2003 and repeated in 2014. The numbers who consumed a sugary beverage such as soda or fruit juice in a day are shown in the table. (Bleich et al., “Trends in Beverage Consumption among Children and Adults, 2003-2014,” Obesity, vol. 26 [2018]: 432–441. doi:10.1002/oby.22056)

a. Calculate and compare the percentages of youths in this age group who consumed an SSB during the recording period.

b. Check that the conditions for using a two-population confidence interval hold.

c. Find the 95% confidence interval for the difference in the proportion of youth consuming an SSB in 2003 and 2014. Based on your confidence interval, do you think there has been a change in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among this age group? Explain.

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Consumed SSB 2003 2014 Yes 3416 2682 No 685 1419