An attenuator with loss L 1 is followed by an amplifier with noise figure F and gain

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An attenuator with loss L» 1 is followed by an amplifier with noise figure F and gain Ga = 1 /L.

(a) Find the noise figure of the cascade at tempera true T0.

(b) Consider the cascade of two identical attenuator- amplifier stages as in part (a). Determine the noise figure of the cascade at temperature T0.

(c) Generalize these results to N identical attenuators and amplifiers at temperature T0. How many decibels does the noise figure increase as a result of doubling the number of attenuators and amplifiers?

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