Consider the retaining wall shown in Figure 14.37. The height of the wall is 5 m, and the unit weight of the sand backfill is 18 kN/m³. Using Coulomb’s equation, calculate the active force, P_a, on the wall for the following values of the angle of wall friction. Also, comment on the direction and location of the resultant. Consider the following two cases of wall friction.
a. δ' = 15^ο
b. δ' = 20^ο.

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H = 5 m FIGURE 14.37 Sand = 18 kN/m³ Y c' = 0 $' = 30° 0 = 10⁰ 8' (wall friction)