Compare and contrast one of most common social engineering attacks, known as the advance-fee fraud (AFF) and phishing.
Stress that AFF is also known as 4-1-9 fraud due to it being named after a Nigerian Penal Code and not an area code in northern Ohio.
Examine a sample letter, as illustrated in Figure 2-9, which illustrates this scheme in practice.
Outline to students that this scam is one for stealing funds from credulous people, first by requiring them to participate in a proposed money-making venture by sending money up front, and then by soliciting an endless series of fees. In the most serious cases, kidnapping, extortion, or murder can result.
Quantify that most recently in 2020, up to $100 billion dollars has been swindled using this method.