. Chemistry 11201 Name: CH-CH-CH-CH, CH, b.p. - 27.9C [fuels and fuel additives] CH, b.p. -...

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Chemistry 11201 Name: CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH, CH, b.p. - 27.9°C [fuels and fuel additives] CH, b.p. - 9.5°C [petroleum naphtha] Alkenes Ethene (ethylene) --103.7°C 2,2,4-trimethyl- pentane b.p. - 99°C [component of gasoline] b.p. - 1-Butene --6.5°C Condensed Structural Formula b.p. = CH, CH,CCH, Alkynes Ethyne (acetylene) b.p.=-119.2°C 182 REPORT SHEET [found in petroleum] Molecular Formula C₂H₁2 CH₂=CH₂ C₂H₂ [manufacture of polyethylene] CH₂-CHCH,CH, C₂H₁2 2-Butene CH,CH-CHCH, C₂H₂ b.p. - cis: 3.7°C | trans: 0.4°C [found in coal gas] Name the product from the hydrogenation of 2-Butene: CH=CH [welding torches] C₂H₂ C₂H₂ Sketch elle S Name: Alcohols 2-Butyne CH₂-C-C-CH, b.p. -27°C [used in synthesis of Vitamin EJ Name the product from the hydrogenation of 2-Butyne: Methanol CH,OH b.p. - 65.0°C [wood alcohol-solvent] Ethanol Condensed Structural Formula 2-Propanol b.p. -78.5°C [alcoholic beverages-solvent] CH,CHCH, OH b.p. -82.5°C [rubbing alcohol] 1,2-ethanediol (ethylene glycol) CH,CH,OH 1,2-propanediol (propylene glycol) Molecular Formula CH b.p. = 197.3°C [antifreeze] If available look up LD 569/kg - b.p. 188.2°C [antifreeze] and other use, If available look up LD 50- Organic Models and Nomenclature. H == H- HO- म H Sketch H +H H тан H H H OH H H H H H OH H REPORT SHEET 18 Chemistry 11201 Name: Ethers Dimethyl ether b.p.--23.6°C [refrigerant] Ethanal (acetaldehyde) 2-propanone (acetone) Diethyl ether CH,CH,O CHỊCH, C₂H₁0O b.p. - 34.6°C [solvent for oils, waxes, and perfumes] Aldehydes and Ketones Methanal CH₂O (formaldehyde) b.p.-19.5°C [plastics production, embalming fluid] Condensed Structural Formula Carboxylic Acids Methanoic acid (formic acid) - CH, Q.CH, CH,CHO b.p. 20.2°C [manufacture of dyes, perfumes, flavors] = CH,COCH, b.p. 95°C [solvent for fats, oils, plastics, varnishes, etc.] HCOOH b.p. 100.5°C [found in ant and bee stings] Ethanoic acid (acetic acid) Molecular Formula 34 REPORT SHEET C₂H₂O CH₂COOH b.p. 118°C [vinegar, manufacture of plastics and fabrics] H3C H₂C 10 H H₂C- Sketch H₂C H H. CH 3 H3C C113 OH Mon OH CHS CH,CH,CH,CH,CH, C₂H₁2 3: Ath focht Name: Amines Condensed Structural Formula Aminomethane (methylamine) b.p.-6.3°C Jused in tanningl CHÍNH, 1,4-diaminobutane NH,CH,CH,CH,CHÍNH, (putrescine) Molecular Formula b.p. 158°C [found in cells, used in biochemical research] Organic Models and Nomenclature. Sketch Observations of Demonstrations 1. Combustion of alcohols. Observe the color and characteristics of the flames: a. Methanol (CH,OH) b. Ethanol (CH,CH,OH) c. 2-propanol (CH,CHCH₂) OH What trend is observed as the number of carbons in the chain increases? Do you think that it is possible that products other than carbon dioxide and water vapor are pro- duced when these substances burn? What would make you suspect this? CH,CH₂OH(1) + 3 O₂(g)-2 CO₂(g) + 3 H₂O(g) (Combustion of ethanol) 2. Bromination of vegetable oil. What happens when the vegetable oil is added to the test tube containing the bromine? REPORT SHEET 185 . Chemistry 11201 Name: CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH, CH, b.p. - 27.9°C [fuels and fuel additives] CH, b.p. - 9.5°C [petroleum naphtha] Alkenes Ethene (ethylene) --103.7°C 2,2,4-trimethyl- pentane b.p. - 99°C [component of gasoline] b.p. - 1-Butene --6.5°C Condensed Structural Formula b.p. = CH, CH,CCH, Alkynes Ethyne (acetylene) b.p.=-119.2°C 182 REPORT SHEET [found in petroleum] Molecular Formula C₂H₁2 CH₂=CH₂ C₂H₂ [manufacture of polyethylene] CH₂-CHCH,CH, C₂H₁2 2-Butene CH,CH-CHCH, C₂H₂ b.p. - cis: 3.7°C | trans: 0.4°C [found in coal gas] Name the product from the hydrogenation of 2-Butene: CH=CH [welding torches] C₂H₂ C₂H₂ Sketch elle S Name: Alcohols 2-Butyne CH₂-C-C-CH, b.p. -27°C [used in synthesis of Vitamin EJ Name the product from the hydrogenation of 2-Butyne: Methanol CH,OH b.p. - 65.0°C [wood alcohol-solvent] Ethanol Condensed Structural Formula 2-Propanol b.p. -78.5°C [alcoholic beverages-solvent] CH,CHCH, OH b.p. -82.5°C [rubbing alcohol] 1,2-ethanediol (ethylene glycol) CH,CH,OH 1,2-propanediol (propylene glycol) Molecular Formula CH b.p. = 197.3°C [antifreeze] If available look up LD 569/kg - b.p. 188.2°C [antifreeze] and other use, If available look up LD 50- Organic Models and Nomenclature. H == H- HO- म H Sketch H +H H тан H H H OH H H H H H OH H REPORT SHEET 18 Chemistry 11201 Name: Ethers Dimethyl ether b.p.--23.6°C [refrigerant] Ethanal (acetaldehyde) 2-propanone (acetone) Diethyl ether CH,CH,O CHỊCH, C₂H₁0O b.p. - 34.6°C [solvent for oils, waxes, and perfumes] Aldehydes and Ketones Methanal CH₂O (formaldehyde) b.p.-19.5°C [plastics production, embalming fluid] Condensed Structural Formula Carboxylic Acids Methanoic acid (formic acid) - CH, Q.CH, CH,CHO b.p. 20.2°C [manufacture of dyes, perfumes, flavors] = CH,COCH, b.p. 95°C [solvent for fats, oils, plastics, varnishes, etc.] HCOOH b.p. 100.5°C [found in ant and bee stings] Ethanoic acid (acetic acid) Molecular Formula 34 REPORT SHEET C₂H₂O CH₂COOH b.p. 118°C [vinegar, manufacture of plastics and fabrics] H3C H₂C 10 H H₂C- Sketch H₂C H H. CH 3 H3C C113 OH Mon OH CHS CH,CH,CH,CH,CH, C₂H₁2 3: Ath focht Name: Amines Condensed Structural Formula Aminomethane (methylamine) b.p.-6.3°C Jused in tanningl CHÍNH, 1,4-diaminobutane NH,CH,CH,CH,CHÍNH, (putrescine) Molecular Formula b.p. 158°C [found in cells, used in biochemical research] Organic Models and Nomenclature. Sketch Observations of Demonstrations 1. Combustion of alcohols. Observe the color and characteristics of the flames: a. Methanol (CH,OH) b. Ethanol (CH,CH,OH) c. 2-propanol (CH,CHCH₂) OH What trend is observed as the number of carbons in the chain increases? Do you think that it is possible that products other than carbon dioxide and water vapor are pro- duced when these substances burn? What would make you suspect this? CH,CH₂OH(1) + 3 O₂(g)-2 CO₂(g) + 3 H₂O(g) (Combustion of ethanol) 2. Bromination of vegetable oil. What happens when the vegetable oil is added to the test tube containing the bromine? REPORT SHEET 185