A new study indicates that babies may choose not to learn from someone they don€™t trust. A group of 60 babies, aged 13 to 16 months, were randomly divided into two groups. Each baby watched an adult express great excitement while looking into a box. The babies were then shown the box and it either had a toy in it (the adult could be trusted) or it was empty (the adult was not reliable). The same adult then turned on a push-on light with her forehead, and the number of babies who imitated the adult€™s behavior by doing the same thing was counted. The results are in Table 6.12. Test at a 5% level to see if there is evidence that babies are more likely to imitate those they consider reliable.

Table 6.12

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Imitated Did not imitate Reliable Unreliable 18 10 12 20