Formulate a detailed mechanism for the Mannich reaction between 2-methylpropanal, formaldehyde, and methanamine shown on page 994. 

Page 994

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Mannich Reaction CH,N(CH,), Cl- 1. H HCI, CH,CH,OH, A + CH2=0 + (CH3)2NH 85% Ketone More reactive Amine Salt of Mannich base aldehyde CH3 CH3 1. HCI, CH,CH,OH, A 2. НО , Н.О CH;CHCH=0 + CH,=0 + CH;NH, CH3C-CH=0 2-Methylpropanal ČHĄNHCH3 70% 2-Methyl-2-(N-methyl- aminomethyl)propanal Aldehyde More reactive Amine aldehyde Mannich base