The Roller Bag Company manufactures extremely light and rolling suitcases. It was one of the first companies to produce rolling suitcases and sales have increased for the past several years. In 2017, Roller Bag budgeted to sell 150,000 suitcases for $80 each.

The budgeted standard machine hours for production in 2017 were 375,000 machine hours. Budgeted fixed overhead costs are $525,000, and variable overhead cost was budgeted at $1.75 per machine-hour.

In 2017, Roller Bag experienced a drop in sales due to increased competition for rolling suitcases.

Roller Bag used 310,000 machine-hours to produce the 120,000 suitcases it sold in 2017. Actual variable overhead costs were $488,000 and actual fixed overhead costs were $532,400. The average selling price of the suitcases sold in 2017 was $72.

Actual direct materials and direct labor costs were the same as standard costs, which were $20 per unit and $18 per unit, respectively.

Required

1. Calculate the variable overhead and fixed overhead variances (spending, efficiency, spending, and volume).

2. Create a chart like that in Exhibit 7-2 showing Flexible Budget Variances and Sales-Volume Variances for revenues, costs, contribution margin, and operating income.

3. Calculate the operating income based on budgeted profit per suitcase.

4. Reconcile the budgeted operating income from requirement 3 to the actual operating income from your chart in requirement 2.

5. Calculate the operating income volume variance and show how the sales-volume variance is composed of the production-volume variance and the operating income volume variance.