What accounting assumption, principle, or constraint would Marks and Spencer plc (M&S) (GBR) use in each of the situations below?
a. M&S records expenses when incurred, rather than when cash is paid.
b. M&S was involved in litigation over the last year. This litigation is disclosed in the financial statements.
c. M&S allocates the cost of its depreciable assets over the life it expects to receive revenue from these assets.
d. M&S records the purchase of a new Lenovo (CHN) PC at its cash equivalent price.