When the spectrum of light from the Sun is examined in high resolution in an experiment similar to that illustrated in Figure 6.9, dark lines are evident. These are called Fraunhofer lines, after the scientist who studied them extensively in the early nineteenth century. Altogether, about 25,000 lines have been identified in the solar spectrum between 2950 Å and 10,000 Å. The Fraunhofer lines are attributed to absorption of certain wavelengths of the Sun's "white" light by gaseous elements in the Sun's atmosphere.
(a) Describe the process that causes absorption of specific wavelengths of light from the solar spectrum.
(b) To determine which Fraunhofer lines belonged to a given element, say neon, what experiments could a scientist conduct here on Earth?