A variety of robots were featured at the 2016 National Restaurant Show that could be used for a variety of tasks in restaurants. These robots were introduced at the same time that an ongoing debate ensued in the United States about the merits of a national minimum wage of $15 per hour for every worker. A former McDonald's USA CEO, Ed Rensi, said that purchasing a $35,000 robotic arm would be cheaper than paying fast-food workers $15 per hour for food preparation tasks like bagging French fries.
To test the former CEO's assertion using a hypothetical example, make the following assumptions:
a. For the cost of the hourly workers, use a total wage rate of $17.50 per hour to reflect payroll taxes (the hourly wage rate used here is higher than $15 since payroll taxes can add 15% or more to the hourly wage rate).
b. Assume that freight and installation for the robot's initial placement in a McDonald's restaurant will be a one-time cost of $5,500.
c. The robot will require annual maintenance service. Assume an annual service contract is required that costs 12% of the original robot cost including the original freight/installation.
d. Assume that the robot will replace 10 employee hours per day, 360 days per year (the robot will not, at least initially, be as versatile as a person and cannot fully eliminate all food prep workers at this point).
e. Electricity and supplies consumed by the robot will be assumed to be $2,000 per year.
Requirements
1. What would the payback period be on a McDonald's robot used for food preparation? (Round to the nearest two decimal places.)
2. What qualitative factors would McDonald's need to consider when deciding whether to purchase robots to replace some of its food preparation workers?
3. Given the payback period, would net present value (NPV) or internal rate of return (IRR) be likely to be useful tools for analyzing this decision? Support your response.