Do cell phones cause cancer? This is a multibillion-dollar question. Currently, dozens of lawsuits are pending that claim cell phone use has caused cancer. To help shed light on the issue, several scientific research projects have been undertaken. One such project was conducted by Danish researchers the 13-year study examined 420,000 Danish cell phone users. The scientists determined the number of Danes who would be expected to contract various forms of cancer. The expected number and the actual number of cell phone users who developed each type of cancer are listed here.

a. Can we infer from these data that there is a relationship between cell phone use and cancer?
b. Discuss the results, including whether the data are observational or experimental. Provide several interpretations of the statistics. In particular, indicate whether you can infer that cell phone use causescancer.

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Expected Actual Number Number Cancer Brain and nervous system Salivary glands Leukemia Pharynx Esophagus Eye Thyroid 143 135 80 52 57 12 13 32 42 13