Design a 1-4 shell-and-tube heat exchanger to cool \(60,000 \mathrm{lb} / \mathrm{hr}\) of \(42^{\circ} \mathrm{API}\) kerosene from 400 to \(220^{\circ} \mathrm{F}\) by heating a \(35^{\circ} \mathrm{API}\) distillate from 100 to \(200^{\circ} \mathrm{F}\) under the following specifications. Allow a 10-psi pressure drop for each stream and a combined fouling factor of \(0.004\left(\mathrm{hr}^{-}-\mathrm{ft}^{2}{ }^{\circ}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{F}\right) / \mathrm{B}\) tu. Neglect the tube-wall resistance. Use \(3 / 4\)-in., 16 BWG tubing, O.D. \(=0.75\) in., I.D. \(=0.620\) in., flow area/tube \(=0.302 \mathrm{in}^{2}, \quad\) surface/linear foot \(=0.1963 \mathrm{ft}^{2}\) outside and \(0.1623 \mathrm{ft}^{2}\) inside. Use 1-in. square pitch. Place kerosene on the shell side. If necessary, change the configuration to keep the tube lengths below \(20 \mathrm{ft}\) and the pressure drops below \(10 \mathrm{psi}\).

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DATA 42 API 25 API 400F 225 F 200F 100F C Btu/lb F 0.67 0.56 0.53 0.47 0.20 0.60 1.3 3.4 k, Btu/hr-ft-F 0.074 0.078 0.076 0.078 Sp. gr. 0.685 0.75 0.798 0.836