Antacids are chemical compounds that can give immediate relief from indigestion or heartburn because they contain carbonate or hydroxide ions that neutralize stomach acids. Some common active ingredients include NaHCO₃, KHCO₃, CaCO₃, Mg(OH)₂, and Al(OH)₃. Although these compounds give quick relief, they are not recommended for prolonged consumption. Calcium carbonate may contribute to the growth of kidney stones, and calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide may cause constipation. Magnesium hydroxide, on the other hand, is a mild laxative that can cause diarrhea. Antacids containing magnesium, therefore, are often combined with aluminum hydroxide since the aluminum counteracts the laxative properties of the magnesium.

(a) Which of the compounds listed above produce gas-forming reactions when combined with HCl?
(b) One tablet of Tums Regular Strength Antacid™ contains 500. mg CaCO₃.
(i) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of CaCO₃ and stomach acid (HCl).
(ii) What volume (in mL) of 0.500 M HCl(aq) will react completely with one tablet of Tums™?
(c) The active ingredients in Rolaids™ are CaCO₃ and Mg(OH)₂.
(i) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of Mg(OH)₂ and HCl.
(ii) If 29.52 mL of 0.500 M HCl is required to titrate one tablet of Rolaids™ and the tablet contains 550 mg of CaCO₃, what mass of Mg(OH)₂ is present in one tablet?
(d) Maalox™ may be purchased in either a liquid or solid form. One teaspoon of the liquid form of Maalox™ contains a mixture of 200. mg of Al(OH)₃ and 200. mg of Mg(OH)₂. What volume of 0.500 M HCl(aq) will react completely with one teaspoon of Maalox™?
(e) Which product neutralizes the greatest amount of acid when taken in the quantities presented above: one tablet of Tums™ or Rolaids™ or one teaspoon of Maalox™?