Which of the following compounds would you predict to be soluble in water at room temperature?

(a) KClO₃, 

(b) CaCO₃,

(c) BaSO₄,

(d) KMnO₄ 

Strategy Solubility guidelines for common ions are given in Table 3.1. So we will identify the ions in each compound and consult the table as needed to determine the solubilities.

Table 3.1

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Solubility guidelines for ionic compounds in water at room temperature Usually Soluble Exceptions No common exceptions Group 1 cations (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cst), ammonium (NH4+) Nitrates (NO3), nitrites (NO₂) Chlorides, bromides, iodides (Cl, Br, I) Fluorides (F) Sulfates (SO²) Chlorates (ClO3), perchlorates (CIO) Acetates (CH₂COO) Usually Insoluble Phosphates (PO4³-) Carbonates (CO²) Hydroxides (OH-) Sulfides (S²-) Moderately soluble: AgNO₂ Insoluble: AgCl, Hg2Cl2, PbCl2, AgBr, Hg₂Br₂, PbBr₂, Agl, Hg₂12, and Pbl₂ Insoluble: MgF2, CaF2, SrF2, BaF2, PbF₂ Insoluble: BaSO4, PbSO4, HgSO4 Moderately soluble: CaSO4, SrSO4, Ag2SO4 No common exceptions Moderately soluble: AgCH,COO Exceptions Soluble: (NH4), PO4, Na3PO4, K3PO4 Soluble: (NH4)2CO3, Na₂CO3,K₂CO3 Soluble: LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Ba(OH)₂ Moderately soluble: Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2 Soluble: (NH4)₂S, Na₂S, K₂S, MgS, CaS