In Example 13-2, we were unable to conclude by inspection whether r S for the reaction

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In Example 13-2, we were unable to conclude by inspection whether ΔrS° for the reaction CO(g) + H2O(g) → CO2(g) + H2(g) should be positive or negative. Use data from Appendix D to obtain ΔrS° at 298 K.

Example 13-2

Predict whether each of the following processes involves an increase or a decrease in entropy or whether the outcome is uncertain.

(a) The decomposition of ammonium nitrate (a fertilizer and a highly explosive compound):

2 NH4NO3(s) 2 N(g) + 4 HO(g) + O(g).

(b) The conversion of SO2 to SO3 (a key step in the manufacture of sulfuric acid):

2 SO2(g) + O2(g) - - 2 SO3(g).

(c) The extraction of sucrose from cane sugar juice:

C12H22011(aq) C12H22011(s).

(d) The “water gas shift” reaction (involved in the gasification of coal):

CO(g) + HO(g) CO(g) + H(g).

TABLE D.1 Ground-State Electron Configurations Element Configuration Z Z 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 5 B 10 11 15 16 17

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General Chemistry Principles And Modern Applications

ISBN: 9780132931281

11th Edition

Authors: Ralph Petrucci, Jeffry Madura, F. Herring, Carey Bissonnette

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