A row of 10 parallel pipes that are 5 m long and have an outer diameter of 6 cm are used to transport steam at 145°C through the concrete floor (k = 0.75 W/m · K) of a 10-m × 5-m room that is maintained at 20°C. The combined convection and radiation heat transfer coefficient at the floor is 12 W/m² · K. If the surface temperature of the concrete floor is not to exceed 35°C, determine how deep the steam pipes should be buried below the surface of the concrete floor.

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D = 6 cm Room 20°C 10 m -35°C Steam pipes Concrete floor