You have been hired as an economic consultant to help determine whether employers in a particular industry are discriminating against female employees. You observe that the average man working in the industry is being paid $15 per hour and the average woman is being paid $13 per hour. For each of the following observations identify whether this should lead to higher or lower wages for women and thus whether it provides suggestive evidence for discrimination as being a factor in the differences in wages between men and women in the industry. 

a. Women working in the industry have, on average, more years of education than men in the industry. 

b. Women working in the industry have, on average, the same amount of work experience as men in the industry. 

c. Men in the industry tend to work in jobs that are more stressful than do women.