Some management theorists have argued that corporations have souls (Frank, 2001), using the term to signify corporations that promote belief through culture, values, and the actions of leaders. They define soul as what the organization ‘most deeply is’, an inner intangible resource. Wal-Mart is listed as an exemplar of good practice in enabling the development of individual and organizational soul (Oliviera, 2004). Some accounts make significant claims in relation to ethics, stating, for example, that if the organization is spiritually oriented, it is more likely to avoid situations of ethical misconduct (Gull and Doh, 2004). Religious beliefs have been linked to improvements in performance as an aspect of corporate culture (Pfeffer, 1998). However, alongside the discussion of organizational life as soulful and positively ethical is a darker side. For example, WalMart makes frequent legal appearances to contest employee rights cases and respond to accusations of ethical-legal transgressions (Bell et al., 2012).