A chemical production plant is interested in designing a batch reverse osmosis unit to concentrate an...

 

Transcribed Image Text:

A chemical production plant is interested in designing a batch reverse osmosis unit to concentrate an aqueous solution of calcium chloride (CaCl2, MW = 110.978 g/mol). An initial volume of 15 m of the raw input solution, which has an initial concentration of 5% (w/v) CaCl2, is to be concentrated to 25% (w/v) in the retentate. Both the permeate and retentate are well-mixed, and concentration polarization is negligible. CaCl2 Rejection = 0.97 Lp 1.5 x 103 m water (m atm hr)-1 Membrane Area = 35 m AP = 200 atm T = 300 K Gas Constant, R=0.08206 x 103 m atm (mol K)-1 VR Retentate Vp Cp Permeate a) What is the concentration of CaCl in the permeate? b) If 15 m of the raw input solution are to be processed in the batch reverse osmosis unit, what will be the final collected volumes of the retentate and permeate? c) Show how to derive an expression to calculate the time required, t, to process a given volume of raw input solution. Your function for t should depend on constants related to the system and the initial and final volumes of retentate. d) Calculate the time required to process 15 m of raw input CaCl2 solution. A chemical production plant is interested in designing a batch reverse osmosis unit to concentrate an aqueous solution of calcium chloride (CaCl2, MW = 110.978 g/mol). An initial volume of 15 m of the raw input solution, which has an initial concentration of 5% (w/v) CaCl2, is to be concentrated to 25% (w/v) in the retentate. Both the permeate and retentate are well-mixed, and concentration polarization is negligible. CaCl2 Rejection = 0.97 Lp 1.5 x 103 m water (m atm hr)-1 Membrane Area = 35 m AP = 200 atm T = 300 K Gas Constant, R=0.08206 x 103 m atm (mol K)-1 VR Retentate Vp Cp Permeate a) What is the concentration of CaCl in the permeate? b) If 15 m of the raw input solution are to be processed in the batch reverse osmosis unit, what will be the final collected volumes of the retentate and permeate? c) Show how to derive an expression to calculate the time required, t, to process a given volume of raw input solution. Your function for t should depend on constants related to the system and the initial and final volumes of retentate. d) Calculate the time required to process 15 m of raw input CaCl2 solution.