A 0.8 m-diameter pool of ethanol is ignited at floor level in a room with a...
Fantastic news! We've Found the answer you've been seeking!
Question:
Transcribed Image Text:
A 0.8 m-diameter pool of ethanol is ignited at floor level in a room with a normal door opening. After a while the smoke layer stabilizes at a height of 1.5 m from the floor. Calculate the CO, concentration in the hot layer. Suggested answer: Using equations and tables from Chapter 3, we find m = 0.0075 kg/s, m, roughly 0.8 kg/s, o = 0.086, yco, = 1.77 g/g (Table 9.2), f = 0.0094, and Yco, = 1.7%. 9.3 A pool of ethanol is ignited in the scenario described in Problem 9.2, but now the door is closed. There is a well-specified leakage opening at floor level. The upper layer is now O00 by CRC Press LLC much hotter and the mass loss rate is measured to be m; = 0.05 kg/s. The mass flow rate in through the leakage opening is measured to be 0.3 kg/s. Estimate the concentration of CO, and O, in the hot layer. Suggested answer: The equivalence ratio is found to be o = 1.51. Table 9.3 gives yo, max = 2.09 and yco, max = 1.91. Therefore yo, = 2.09/1.51 = 1.38 g/g and yco, = 1.26 g/g. Fuel mixture fraction is f= 0.05/(0.05 + 0.3) = 0.143, so Yco, = 1.26 - 0.143 18.0% and Yo, = 1.38 0.143 = 19.7%. = 1.91/1.51 %3D TABLE 9.2 Typical Combustion Product Yields for Various Fuels Ventilation-controlled Well-ventilated (WV) fires (6 < 1) (VC) fires ( >1) D. (kl/g) (m/g) (g/g) Yco, Yco Y. Уна Yco Fuels (g/g) (g/g) (g/g) (k)/g) (g/g) (g/g) 0.005 0.024 Propane Acetylene Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) Heptane Polystyrene Nylon Polyurethane (flexible) PU 2.85 74 76.4 0.16 NA 0.23 0.011 2.6 0.042 0.096 37 48.2 0.32 NA 1.77 0.001 0.008 26 26.8 NA NA 0.22 0.0098 2.85 0.01 0.037 41 44.6 0.19 NA 2.3 0.06 0.16 27 39.2 0.34 NA 2.06 0.038 0.075 27 30.8 0.23 NA 1.5 0.031 0.23 19 27.2 0.33 NA Polymethyl methacrylate 2.1 0.01 0.022 24 25.2 0.109 NA 0.19 0.032 Wood 1.33 0.005 0.015 12 17.7 0.037 NA 0.14 0.0024 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 0.46 0.063 0.14 5.4 16.4 0.40 0.5 0.4 Notes: NA = not applicable; -= not measured. Source: From Tewarson, A., "Generation of Heat and Chemical Compounds in Fires," SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 2nd ed., National Fire Protection Association, 1995. With permission. TABLE 9.3 Maximum Theoretical Yield of Species Based on Stoichiometry Stoich. fuel/ox Yco,max Yco,mas Ratio, r Youmax (g/g) Fuel (g/g) (g/g) Propane Acetylene Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) Неptane Polystyrene Nylon Polyurethane (flexible) PU Polymethyl methacrylate Wood (pine) Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 0.276 1.91 3.00 3.64 0.325 2.15 3.39 3.69 0.480 1.22 1.91 2.09 0.284 1.96 3.08 3.52 0.325 2.15 3.38 3.08 0.428 1.48 2.32 2.61 0.580 1.41 2.21 2.05 0.521 1.4 2.2 1.92 0.601 0.89 1.40 1.13 0.710 0.903 1.42 1.42 A 0.8 m-diameter pool of ethanol is ignited at floor level in a room with a normal door opening. After a while the smoke layer stabilizes at a height of 1.5 m from the floor. Calculate the CO, concentration in the hot layer. Suggested answer: Using equations and tables from Chapter 3, we find m = 0.0075 kg/s, m, roughly 0.8 kg/s, o = 0.086, yco, = 1.77 g/g (Table 9.2), f = 0.0094, and Yco, = 1.7%. 9.3 A pool of ethanol is ignited in the scenario described in Problem 9.2, but now the door is closed. There is a well-specified leakage opening at floor level. The upper layer is now O00 by CRC Press LLC much hotter and the mass loss rate is measured to be m; = 0.05 kg/s. The mass flow rate in through the leakage opening is measured to be 0.3 kg/s. Estimate the concentration of CO, and O, in the hot layer. Suggested answer: The equivalence ratio is found to be o = 1.51. Table 9.3 gives yo, max = 2.09 and yco, max = 1.91. Therefore yo, = 2.09/1.51 = 1.38 g/g and yco, = 1.26 g/g. Fuel mixture fraction is f= 0.05/(0.05 + 0.3) = 0.143, so Yco, = 1.26 - 0.143 18.0% and Yo, = 1.38 0.143 = 19.7%. = 1.91/1.51 %3D TABLE 9.2 Typical Combustion Product Yields for Various Fuels Ventilation-controlled Well-ventilated (WV) fires (6 < 1) (VC) fires ( >1) D. (kl/g) (m/g) (g/g) Yco, Yco Y. Уна Yco Fuels (g/g) (g/g) (g/g) (k)/g) (g/g) (g/g) 0.005 0.024 Propane Acetylene Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) Heptane Polystyrene Nylon Polyurethane (flexible) PU 2.85 74 76.4 0.16 NA 0.23 0.011 2.6 0.042 0.096 37 48.2 0.32 NA 1.77 0.001 0.008 26 26.8 NA NA 0.22 0.0098 2.85 0.01 0.037 41 44.6 0.19 NA 2.3 0.06 0.16 27 39.2 0.34 NA 2.06 0.038 0.075 27 30.8 0.23 NA 1.5 0.031 0.23 19 27.2 0.33 NA Polymethyl methacrylate 2.1 0.01 0.022 24 25.2 0.109 NA 0.19 0.032 Wood 1.33 0.005 0.015 12 17.7 0.037 NA 0.14 0.0024 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 0.46 0.063 0.14 5.4 16.4 0.40 0.5 0.4 Notes: NA = not applicable; -= not measured. Source: From Tewarson, A., "Generation of Heat and Chemical Compounds in Fires," SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 2nd ed., National Fire Protection Association, 1995. With permission. TABLE 9.3 Maximum Theoretical Yield of Species Based on Stoichiometry Stoich. fuel/ox Yco,max Yco,mas Ratio, r Youmax (g/g) Fuel (g/g) (g/g) Propane Acetylene Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) Неptane Polystyrene Nylon Polyurethane (flexible) PU Polymethyl methacrylate Wood (pine) Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 0.276 1.91 3.00 3.64 0.325 2.15 3.39 3.69 0.480 1.22 1.91 2.09 0.284 1.96 3.08 3.52 0.325 2.15 3.38 3.08 0.428 1.48 2.32 2.61 0.580 1.41 2.21 2.05 0.521 1.4 2.2 1.92 0.601 0.89 1.40 1.13 0.710 0.903 1.42 1.42
Expert Answer:
Answer rating: 100% (QA)
Mass loss rate 005kgs Mass flow rate through leakage 03kg... View the full answer
Related Book For
Posted Date:
Students also viewed these chemistry questions
-
A small door having a mass of 7 kg is attached by hinges A and B to a wall and is held in the horizontal position shown by rope EFH. The rope passes around a small, frictionless pulley at F and is...
-
A mass of 5 kg is tied to an elastic cord, 5 m long, and dropped from a tall bridge. Assume the cord, once straight, acts as a spring with k = 100 N/m. Find the velocity of the mass when the cord is...
-
A thin spherical shell of mass 4.00 kg and diameter 0.200 m is filled with helium (density = 0.180 kg/m3). It is then released from rest on the bottom of a pool of water that is 4.00 m deep. (a)...
-
The gun 25kV In a television tube, a beam of electrons from 0.22mm de ofonmeter; they arrive5.6 x 104 electrons per second. Calculate the magnetic fieldIt isproduced by the beam at a point1.5mm from...
-
Would promotion be successful in expanding the general demand for: (a) Almonds, (b) Air travel, (c) Golf clubs, (d) Walking shoes, (e) High-octane unleaded gasoline, (f) Single-serving, frozen...
-
At December 31, 2010, Besler Corporation had a projected benefit obligation of $560,000, plan assets of $322,000, and prior service cost of $127,000 in accumulated other comprehensive income....
-
A circular loop of radius \(100 \mathrm{~mm}\) is placed in a magnetic field of magnitude \(0.030 \mathrm{~T}\). If the magnetic flux through the loop is \(3.00 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{~T} \cdot...
-
Refer to the information about Adarmes Adventures given in Exercise 6-4. Alexis King chose to prepare a static budget based on sales of 3,000 canoes. Actual sales were 3,100 canoes at a price of $850...
-
4. 5. A heavy particle is projected with a velocity at an angle with the horizontal into the uniform gravitational field. The slope of the trajectory of the particle varies with its horizontal...
-
OCAS PROJECT. Effect of Damping. Consider a vibrating system of your choice modeled by y" + cy' + ky = d(t). %3D (a) Using graphs of the solution, describe the effect of continuously decreasing the...
-
Task I - Brainstorm (using any of the methods learnt in class) the following topics and write a paragraph on each topic of about 100 to 120 words. Underline topic sentences in each paragraph....
-
Ndoni & Daughters is a South African company that manufacturers over 400 household products. The company was established in the 1900's and offer a range of brands that give the company a unique place...
-
Which do you prefer, the top-down planning model or the bottom-up planning model? Why?
-
Houserel sis on call for his job and while he is in that status he must be available to the employer should he be needed. While he is in that status he plays soccer with his son and injures his knee....
-
Rico and Brent establish a partnership to open a new chocolate cookie business. Their partnership agreement provides for capital contributions of $6,000 from Rico and $4,000 from Brent. The agreement...
-
How do management practices, HR policies, and strategy decisions differ between multinational companies and local companies? Identify some cultural, legal, political, and financial issues this...
-
you were asked to create a program that would calculate the balance of a savings account after six months. In this lab, we will revisit the monthly interest calculation program but add one additional...
-
(a) Water flows through the nozzle of a garden hose. Find an expression for m in terms of line pressure P 1 , ambient pressure P 2 , inside hose diameter D 1 , and nozzle outlet diameter D 2 . Assume...
-
A particle of mass m moves along the x-axis under a force F = ??m?2x. The amplitude is b. Show that the period is given by 4. T= dx, (11.83) where (11.84) Y =1+ 2c2 (2-2).
-
(a) A uniform rod of length ? and mass m rests on supports at its ends. The right support is quickly removed (see Fig). What is the force on the left support immediately thereafter?(b) A rod of...
-
A mass rests motionless with respect to the lab frame, while a frictionless turntable rotates beneath it. The frequency of the turntable is , and the mass is located at radius r. In the frame of the...
-
An incompressible liquid of specific volume \(v_{l}\), is in equilibrium with its own vapour and an inert gas in a closed vessel. The vapour obeys the law \[p(v-b)=\Re T\] Show that \[\ln...
-
a. Describe the meaning of the term thermodynamic equilibrium. Explain how entropy can be used as a measure of equilibrium and also how other properties can be developed which can be used to assess...
-
Show that when different phases are in equilibrium the specific Gibbs energy of each phase is equal. Using the following data, show the pressure at which graphite and diamond are in equilibrium at a...
Study smarter with the SolutionInn App