Patient samples (serum, feces, vomit, or gastric contents) were sent to the laboratory where mouse toxicity...

Transcribed Image Text:

Patient samples (serum, feces, vomit, or gastric contents) were sent to the laboratory where mouse toxicity testing and a neutralization bioassay was completed to confirm the cases as botulism. There are multiple types of botulism. Type A, B, E, and in rare cases, F cause disease in humans. Types C and D do not cause disease in humans but do cause disease in birds and other mammals. For the toxicity testing, the sample from each patient is injected into a mouse to determine whether the mouse develops signs of botulism. This test positively confirmed botulism. Identification of the actual toxin (and type) is done with a neutralization bioassay. In the neutralization bioassay, the patient's sample is placed in six test tubes. Nothing except for the patient's sample is placed in tube 1, Antitoxin A is placed in tube 2, Antitoxin B is placed in tube 3, Antitoxin E is placed in tube 4, Antitoxin F is placed in tube 5, and all antitoxins (ABCDEF) are placed in tube 6. These tubes are then incubated and injected into two mice each. All of the mice will die except for the mouse with the toxin present in the sample. A total of eighteen cases of botulism were positively identified with the presence of Antitoxin A. All eighteen confirmed cases of botulism work in the same office building. The CDC sponsored a questionnaire to help identify the source of the outbreak. Sixty-four employees from the office building were interviewed, including all eighteen of the known cases of botulism. From the questionnaires, you identify four possible food sources that might be responsible for the outbreak. The corresponding results from the questionnaires are shown below. Statistical analysis was completed on the resulting data and a Chi-square test was completed to calculate the p-values for each suspected food item. For each suspected food item below, calculate the appropriate measure of association. Round each calculation to the nearest hundredth. Then determine the statistical significance of the results. Eaten (Exposed) Affected Not Affected Total Incidence of Disease Suspecte d (a) (b) Food Item Birthday 26 25 cake from break Not Eaten (Not Exposed) Affected Not Affected (c) (d) 5 8 Relative p- Total Incidence of Risk Disease Value 0.67 Patient samples (serum, feces, vomit, or gastric contents) were sent to the laboratory where mouse toxicity testing and a neutralization bioassay was completed to confirm the cases as botulism. There are multiple types of botulism. Type A, B, E, and in rare cases, F cause disease in humans. Types C and D do not cause disease in humans but do cause disease in birds and other mammals. For the toxicity testing, the sample from each patient is injected into a mouse to determine whether the mouse develops signs of botulism. This test positively confirmed botulism. Identification of the actual toxin (and type) is done with a neutralization bioassay. In the neutralization bioassay, the patient's sample is placed in six test tubes. Nothing except for the patient's sample is placed in tube 1, Antitoxin A is placed in tube 2, Antitoxin B is placed in tube 3, Antitoxin E is placed in tube 4, Antitoxin F is placed in tube 5, and all antitoxins (ABCDEF) are placed in tube 6. These tubes are then incubated and injected into two mice each. All of the mice will die except for the mouse with the toxin present in the sample. A total of eighteen cases of botulism were positively identified with the presence of Antitoxin A. All eighteen confirmed cases of botulism work in the same office building. The CDC sponsored a questionnaire to help identify the source of the outbreak. Sixty-four employees from the office building were interviewed, including all eighteen of the known cases of botulism. From the questionnaires, you identify four possible food sources that might be responsible for the outbreak. The corresponding results from the questionnaires are shown below. Statistical analysis was completed on the resulting data and a Chi-square test was completed to calculate the p-values for each suspected food item. For each suspected food item below, calculate the appropriate measure of association. Round each calculation to the nearest hundredth. Then determine the statistical significance of the results. Eaten (Exposed) Affected Not Affected Total Incidence of Disease Suspecte d (a) (b) Food Item Birthday 26 25 cake from break Not Eaten (Not Exposed) Affected Not Affected (c) (d) 5 8 Relative p- Total Incidence of Risk Disease Value 0.67