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physics
electricity and magnetism

Questions and Answers of Electricity and Magnetism

Do some research to answer these questions: Who invented the metal detector? Why? Did it work?
What is the advantage of transmitting power at high voltages?
What determines the maximum voltage that can be used on a transmission line?
Will a transformer operate if a battery is used for the input voltage across the primary? Explain
Someone argues that high-voltage power lines actually waste more energy. He points out that the rate at which internal energy is produced in a wire is given by (ΔV) 2/R, where R is the
Explain how the quality factor is related to the response characteristics of a radio receiver. Which variable most strongly influences the quality factor?
Why are the primary and secondary coils of a transformer wrapped on an iron core that passes through both coils?
With reference to Figure Q33.22, explain why the capacitor prevents a DC signal from passing between A and B, yet allows an AC signal to pass from A to B. (The circuits are said to be capacitively
Radio stations often advertise “instant news.” If they mean that you can hear the news the instant they speak it, is their claim true? About how long would it take for a message to travel across
Light from the Sun takes approximately 8.3 min to reach the Earth. During this time interval the Earth has continued to rotate on its axis. How far is the actual direction of the Sun from its image
When light (or other electromagnetic radiation) travels across a given region, what is it that oscillates? What is it that is transported?
Do all current-carrying conductors emit electromagnetic waves? Explain.
What is the fundamental source of electromagnetic radiation?
If a high-frequency current is passed through a solenoid containing a metallic core, the core becomes warm due to induction. Explain why the material rises in temperature in this situation.
Does a wire connected to the terminals of a battery emit electromagnetic waves? Explain.
If you charge a comb by running it through your hair and then hold the comb next to a bar magnet, do the electric and magnetic fields produced constitute an electromagnetic wave?
List as many similarities and differences between sound waves and light waves as you can.
Describe the physical significance of the Poynting vector.
For a given incident energy of an electromagnetic wave, why is the radiation pressure on a perfectly reflecting surface twice as great as that on a perfect absorbing surface?
Before the advent of cable television and satellite dishes, city dwellers often used €œrabbit ears€ atop their sets (Fig. Q34.12) certain orientations of the receiving antenna on
Often when you touch the indoor antenna on a radio or television receiver, the reception instantly improves. Why?
Explain how the (dipole) VHF antenna of a television set works. (See Fig. Q34.12)
Explain how the UHF (loop) antenna of a television set works. (See Fig. Q34.12)
Explain why the voltage induced in a UHF (loop) antenna depends on the frequency of the signal, while the voltage in a VHF (dipole) antenna does not. (See Fig. Q34.12)
Electrical engineers often speak of the radiation resistance of an antenna. What do you suppose they mean by this phrase?
What does a radio wave do to the charges in the receiving antenna to provide a signal for your car radio?
An empty plastic or glass dish being removed from a microwave oven is cool to the touch. How can this be possible? (Assume that your electric bill has been paid.)
Why should an infrared photograph of a person look different from a photograph taken with visible light?
Suppose that a creature from another planet had eyes that were sensitive to infrared radiation. Describe what the alien would see if it looked around the room you are now in. In particular, what
A welder must wear protective glasses and clothing to prevent eye damage and sunburn. What does this imply about the nature of the light produced by the welding?
A home microwave oven uses electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of about 12.2 cm. Some 2.4-GHz cordless telephones suffer noisy interference when a microwave oven is sed nearby. Locate the waves
A +6.00-μC point charge is moving at a constant 8.00 X 106 m/s in the +y-direction, relative to a reference frame. At the instant when the point charge is at the origin of this reference frame.
Fields Within the Atom. In the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom the electron moves in a circular orbit of radius 5.3 X 10-11 m with a speed of 2.2 X 106 m/s. If we are viewing the atom in such a way
An electron moves at 0.l00c as shown in Fig. Find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field this electron produces at the following points, each 2.00 μm from the electron:(a) Points A and
An alpha particle (charge +2e) and an electron move in opposite directions from the same point, each with the speed of 2.50 X 105 m/s (Fig). Find the magnitude and direction of the total magnetic
A -4.80-μC charge is moving at a constant speed of 6.80 X 105 m/s in the +x-direction relative to a reference frame. At the instant when the point charge is at the origin. What is the
Positive point charges q = +8.00 μC and q' = +3.00 μC are moving relative to an observer at point p. as shown in Fig. The distance d is 0.120 m. u = 4.50 X 106 m/s. and u' = 9.00 X 106 m/s.(a)
Figure shows two point charges, q and q'. moving relative to an observer at point P. Suppose that the lower charge is actually negative, with q' = -q.(a) Find the magnetic field (magnitude and
An electron and a proton are each Figure moving at 845 km/s in perpendicular paths Exercise 28.8. as shown in Fig. At the instant when y they are at the positions shown in the figure. Find the
A straight wire caries a 10.0-A current (Fig) ABCD is a rectangle with point D the middle of a 1.10-mm segment of the wire and point C in the wire. Find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic
A long, straight wire carrying a current of 200 A, runs trough a cubical wooden box, entering and leaving through holes in the centres of opposite faces (Fig). The length of each side of the e- box
Along, straight wire lies along the l-axis and carries a 4.00-A current in the +z-direction. Find the magnetic field (magnitude and direction) produced at the following points by a o.500-mm segment
Two parallel wires are 5.00 cm apart and carry currents in opposite directions, as shown in Fig. Find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at point P due to two 1.50-mm segments of wire
A wire carrying a 28.0-A current bends through a right angle. Consider two 2.00-mm segments of wire, each 3.00 cm from the bend (Fig). Find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field these two
A square wire loop 10.0 cm on each side carries a clockwise current of 15.0 A. Find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at its center due to the four 1.20-mm wire segments at the
The Magnetic Field from a Lightning Bolt. Lightning bolts can carry currents up to approximately 20 kA. We can model such a current as the equivalent of a very long, straight wire. (a) If you were
A very long, straight horizontal wire carries a current such that 3.50 X 1018 electrons per second pass any given point going from west to east. What are the magnitude and direction of the magnetic
(a) How large a current would a very long, straight wire have to carry so that the magnetic field 2.00 cm from the wire is equal to 1.00 G (comparable to the earth's northward-pointing magnetic
Two long, straight wires, one above the other, are separated by a distance 2a and are parallel to the x-axis. Let the +y-axis be in the plane of the wires in the direction from the lower wire to the
A long, straight wire lies along the y-axis and carries a current I = 8.00 A in the -y-direction (Fig). In addition to the magnetic field due to the current in the wire, a uniform magnetic field B0
Effect of Transmission Lines. Two hikers are reading a compass under an overhead transmission line that is 5.50 m above the ground and carries a current of 800 A in a horizontal direction from north
Two long, straight, parallel wires, 10.0 cm apart, carry equal 4.00-A currents in the same direction, as shown in Fig. Find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at(a) point P1 midway
Two long, parallel transmission lines, 40.0 cm apart, carry 25.0-A and 75.0-A currents. Find all locations where the net magnetic field of the two wires is zero if these currents are in (a) The same
Four, long, parallel power lines each carry 100-A currents. A cross-sectional diagram of these lines is a square, 20.0 cm on each side. For each of the three cases shown in Fig, calculate the
Four very long, current carrying wires in the same plane intersect to form a square 40.0 cm on each side, as shown in Fig. Find the magnitude and direction of the current I so that the magnetic field
Two long, parallel wires are separated by a distance of 0.400 m (Fig). The currents I, and 12 have the directions shown.(a) Calculate the magnitude of the force exerted by each wire on a 1.20-m
Two long, parallel wires are separated by a distance of 2.50 cm. The force per unit length that each wire exerts on the other is 4.00 x 10-s N/m, and the wires repel each other. The current in one
Lamp Cord Wires. The wires in a household lamp cord are typically 3.0 mm apart center to center and carry equal currents in opposite directions. If the cord carries current to a 100-W light bulb
Three parallel wires each carry current I in the directions shown in Fig. If the separation between adjacent wires is d, calculate the magnitude and direction of the net magnetic force per unit
A long, horizontal wire AB rests on the surface of a table and carries a current I. Horizontal wire CD is vertically above wire AB and is free to slide up and down on the two vertical metal guides C
Calculate the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at point P due to the current in the semicircular section of wire shown in Fig.
Calculate the magnitude of the magnetic field at point P of Fig in terms of R, I1 and I2.What does your expression give when I1 = I2?
A closely wound, circular coil with radius 2.40 cm has 800 turns. (a) What must the current in the coil be if the magnetic field at the center of the coil is 0.0580 T?(b) At what distance x from the
A closely wound, circular coil with a diameter of 4.00 cm has 600 turns and carries a current of 0.500 A. What is the magnitude of the magnetic field? (a) At the center of the coil and(b) At a point
A closely wound coil has a radius of 6.00 cm and carries a current of 250 A. How many turns must it have if, at a point on the coil axis 6.00 cm from the center of the coil, the magnetic field is
A closed curve encircles several conductors. The line integral ф B.d1 around this curve is 3.83 X l0-4 T.m. (a) What is the net current in the conductors? (b) If you were to integrate
Figure shows, in cross section, several conductors that carry currents through the plane of the figure. The currents have the magnitudes I1 = 4.0 A, I2 = 6.0 A, and I3 = 2.0 A, and the directions
Coaxial cable. A solid conductor with radius a is supported by insulating disks on the axis of a conducting tube with inner radius b and outer radius c (Fig). The central conductor and tube carry
Repeat Exercise 28.37 for the case in which the current in the central, solid conductor is I1 the current in the tube is 12, and these currents are in the same direction rather than in opposite
A long, straight, cylindrical wire of radius R carries a current uniformly distributed over its cross section. At what location is the magnetic field produced by this current equal to half of its
A 15.0-cm-Iong solenoid with radius 2.50 cm is closely wound with 600 turns of wire. The current in the windings is 8.00 A. Compute the magnetic field at a point near the center of the solenoid.
A solenoid is designed to produce a magnetic field of 0.0270 T at its center. It has radius 1.40 cm and length 40.0 cm, and the wire can carry a maximum current of 12.0 A. (a) What minimum number of
As a new electrical technician, you are designing a large solenoid to produce a uniform 0.150 T magnetic field near the center of the solenoid. You have enough wire for 4000 circular turns. This
A magnetic field of 37.2 T has been achieved at the MIT Francis Bitter National Magnetic Laboratory. Find the current needed to achieve such a field (a) 2.00 cm from a long, straight wire; (b) At the
A toroidal solenoid (see Example 28.10) has inner radius r1 = 15.0 cm and outer radius r2 = 18.0 cm. The solenoid has 250 turns and carries a current of 8.50 A. What is the magnitude of the magnetic
A wooden ring whose mean diameter is 14.0 cm is wound with a closely spaced toroidal winding of 600 turns. Compute the magnitude of the magnetic field at the center of the cross section of the
A toroidal solenoid with 400 turns of wire and a mean radius of 6.0 cm carries a current of 0.25 A. The relative permeability of the core is 80. (a) What is the magnetic field in the core? (b) What
A toroidal solenoid with 500 turns is wound on a ring with a mean radius of 2.90 cm. Find the current in the winding that is required to set up a magnetic field of 0.350 T in the ring (a) If the ring
The current in the windings of a toroidal solenoid is 2.400 A. There are 500 turns, and the mean radius is 25.00 cm. The toroidal solenoid is filled with a magnetic material. The magnetic field
A long solenoid with 60 turns of wire per centimetre carries a current of 0.15 A. The wire that makes up the solenoid is wrapped around a solid core of silicon steel (Km = 5200). (The wire of the
Curie's Law. Experimental measurements of the magnetic susceptibility of iron ammonium alum are given in the table. Graph values of l/Xm against Kelvin temperature. Does the material obey Curie's
A pair of point charges, q = + 8.00µC and q' = - 5.00 µC, are moving as shown in Fig with speeds u = 9.00 X 104 m/s and u' = 6.50 X 104 m/s. When the charges are at the locations shown in
A long, straight wire carries a current of 2.50 A. An electron is travelling in the vicinity of the wire. At the instant when the electron is 4.50 cm from the wire and travelling with a speed of 6.00
A long, straight wire carries a 25.0-A current. An electron is fired parallel to this wire with a velocity of 250 km/s in the same direction as the current, 2.00 cm from the wire. (a) Find the
In Fig the battery branch of the circuit is very far from the two horizontal segments containing two resistors. These horizontal segments are separated by 5.00 cm, and they are much longer than 5.00
Two identical circular, wire loops 40.0 cm in diameter each carry a current of 1.50 A in the same direction. These loops are parallel to each other and are 25.0 cm apart. Line ab is normal to the
Two very long, straight wires carry currents as shown in Fig. For each case, find all locations where the net magnetic field is zero
A negative point charge q = -7.20 me is moving in a reference frame. When the point charge is at the origin, the magnetic field it produces at the point x = 25.0 cm, y = 0, Z = 0 is B = (6.00 µT}j,
A neophyte magnet designer tells you that he can produce a magnetic field B in vacuum that points everywhere in the x-direction and that increases in magnitude with increasing x. That is, B = B0 (x/a
Two long, straight, parallel wires are 1.00 m apart (Fig.). The wire on the left carries a current I1of 6.00 A into the plane of the paper.(a) What must the magnitude and direction of the current s
Figure shows an end view of two long, parallel wires perpendicular to the xy-plane, each carrying a current I but in opposite directions.(a) Copy the diagram, and draw vectors to show the B field of
Refer to the situation in Problem 28.60. Suppose that a third long, straight wire, parallel to the other two, passes through point P (see Fig) and that each wire carries a current I = 6.00 A. Let a =
A pair of long, rigid metal rods, each of length L, lies parallel to each other on a perfectly smooth table. Their ends are connected by identical, very light conducting springs of force constant k
Two long, parallel wires hang by 4.00-cm-Iong cords from a common axis (Fig). The wires have a mass per unit length of 0.0125 kg/m and carry the same current in opposite directions. What is the
The long, straight wire AB shown in Fig. carries a current of 14.0 A. The rectangular loop whose long edges are parallel to the wire carries a current of 5.00 A. Find the magnitude and direction of
A circular wire loop of radius a has N turns and carries a current L A second loop with N' turns of radius a' carries current I' and is located on the axis of the first loop, a distance x from the
The wire semicircles shown in Fig. have radii a and b. Calculate the net magnetic field (magnitude and direction) that the current in the wires produces at point P.
Helmboltz Coils. Fig. is a sectional view of two circular coils with radius a, each wound with N turns of wire carrying a current I, circulating in the same direction in both coils. The coils are
A circular wire of diameter D lies on a horizontal table and carries a current I. In Fig. point A marks the center of the circle and point C is on its rim.(a) Find the magnitude and direction of the
The wire in Fig. carries current I in the direction shown. The wire consists of a very long, straight section, a quarter circle with radius R, and another long, straight section. What are the

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