Why is the short-run impact of the corporate income tax on prices of corporate output so crucial

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Why is the short-run impact of the corporate income tax on prices of corporate output so crucial in determining the final impact of the tax in the long run? Explain why a profit-maximizing corporation has no incentive to adjust its short-run output in response to a tax on its profits. Who would bear the short-run incidence of the tax if the firm does not produce more or less after the tax is imposed?

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