Figure 11.33 shows a part of a chemical processing system in which propyl alcohol at 25°C is taken from the bottom of a large tank and transferred by gravity to another part of the system. The...

Galileos best telescope had an eyepiece of -40 mm focal length, along with a biconvex objective about 30 mm in diameter. That objective formed real intermediate images of stars roughly 120 cm down...

Determine V o and I o in the circuit of Fig. 10.80 using mesh analysis. J4 u . 2 3V. 2 10/-30 A + >I

(a) Draw a circuit diagram for an LFSR with n = 5 that generates a maximum-length sequence. (b) Add logic so that 00000 is included in the state sequence. (c) Determine the actual state sequence.

A sequential circuit has the following state graph: The three states can be distinguished using the input sequence 11 and observing the output. The circuit has a reset input, R, that resets the...

A solid cube of mass 40 kg and edge length 0.30 m rests on a horizontal floor as shown in Figure P8.34. A person then pushes on the upper edge of the cube with a horizontal force of magnitude F. At...

A guitar string of diameter 0.50 mm and length 0.75 m is subject to a tension of 150 N. If the string stretches an amount 0.40 mm, what is Youngs modulus of the string?

If the frequency of a wave is doubled, how does the wavelength change?

A solid glass sphere with an initial diameter d = 25.00 cm is subject to a pressure of 1000 P atm , where atmospheric pressure P atm = 1.01 10 5 Pa. What is the new diameter of the sphere? The...

The speed of sound in water is 1500 m/s. Find the wavelength of a sound wave whose frequency is 300 Hz.

When you tune a guitar, what causes the frequency to change?

A bass guitar has longer strings than a regular guitar. Explain why these longer strings allow a bass guitarist to play lower notes.

When a sound wave passes from air into a solid object, which of the following wave properties stays the same and which change? Explain. (a) The amplitude (b) The frequency (c) The wave speed (d) The...

Figure P12.7 shows a snapshot of a wave on a string. If the frequency of this wave is 20 Hz, what is the approximate speed of the wave? Figure P12.7 ? y () 1 2 3

A guitar string that should produce 110 Hz (the note A) instead produces 105 Hz. (a) What change in tension is needed to bring the string into tune? (b) Sometimes a guitar is tuned to drop-D tuning,...

Consider two notes on a guitar whose fundamental frequencies are in the ratio 5/4. These notes differ by a musical interval called a major third. If these notes are played on strings that are made of...

The vibrating length of a guitar string is reduced by a factor of 2.5 when a player holds the string against a fret. What is the change in the frequency of the fundamental standing wave on the string?

Figure P12.58 shows a standing wave on a string. If the frequency of the wave is 440 Hz, what is the speed of a wave on this string? Figure P12.58 ? 0.60 m

When sound waves are studied deep within the ocean, it is found that a plane wave that is initially parallel to the ocean floor will gradually bend upward and have a propagation direction that is...

For the spherical wave emitted by a small light bulb, what is the ratio of the amplitudes of the wave at r = 4.0 m and r = 2.5 m from the light bulb?

Your favorite television station transmits using an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength of approximately 1.5 m. What is the frequency?

Consider a wave that has a frequency of 3.0 kHz and a wavelength of 0.10 m. Write an equation that might describe this wave.

A student sends a transverse wave pulse down a stretched piece of string attached to a wall. A moment later, she sends a second wave pulse. Is there any way she could alter the conditions to make the...

A source of sound has a total emitted power of 300 W. What is the intensity a distance of 10 m from the source? Assume the source emits spherical waves.

When a police car is at rest, its siren has a frequency of 750 Hz. You are a thief, and just after finishing a nights work, you hear a siren with a frequency of 700 Hz. Your fellow thief tells you to...

Explain why the sounds emitted by large animals usually have a lower frequency than those from small animals. Consider the standing waves in the vocal tract.

The distance along a sound wave between a point of condensation and the nearest rarefaction is 0.45 m. What is the wavelength of this sound wave?

A sound wave in air has a frequency of 220 Hz. What is its wavelength?

Consider a steel rod that vibrates longitudinally. If the rod is 1.5 m long, what is the fundamental frequency? Assume the ends of the rod are displacement anti nodes (i.e., it behaves as an organ...

An organ pipe that is closed at one end has a fundamental frequency of 175 Hz. There is a leak in the church roof, and some water gets into the bottom of the pipe as shown in Figure P13.40. The...

A siren has a frequency of 750 Hz when it is at rest, whereas it has an apparent frequency of 800 Hz when it is moving toward a stationary observer. What is the speed of the siren in the latter case?

A guitar is tuned to play a note at 440 Hz. If the guitar is in a moving car and the note has a perceived frequency of 410 Hz, what is the speed of the car? Assume the car is moving directly away...

Your swimming pool is square and 5.0 m on a side. It is 3.0 m deep in the morning. If the temperature changes by 20C during the afternoon, how much does the depth of the water increase?

One section of a steel railroad track is 25 m long. If its temperature increases by 25 K during the day, how much does the track expand?

One section of a steel railroad track is 25 m long. If its temperature increases by 25 K during the day, how much does the track expand?

In Chapter 17, we argued that the electric field inside a metal in equilibrium is always zero. In this chapter, we found that there is a nonzero electric field inside a current-carrying wire. How can...

Consider the circuit in Figure P19.31 with resistors R 1 = 550 , R 2 = 5 400 , R 3 = 220 , and R 4 = 170 . What is the equivalent resistance between points A and B? R2 R1 R33 R4 B- Figure P19.31

Use the approach from Problems 50 and 51 to analyze the circuit in Figure P19.52. What is the current through the battery and resistor R1? Hint: First redraw the circuit so that the parallel and...

A general rule of thumb when listening to and watching a thunderstorm is that the distance from a listener to the lightning strike can be estimated in the following way: First, count the number of...

Some cordless telephones use radio waves with a frequency near 2.4 GHz to transmit to their base station. What is the wavelength of these waves?

An electric quadrupole consists of two oppositely directed di-poles in close proximity.? (a) Calculate the field of the quadrupole shown in Fig. 20.33 for points to the right of x =a? (b) show that...

Determine the NPSH available when a pump draws gasoline at 40C (sg = 0.65) from an underground tank whose level is 2.7 m below the pump inlet. The energy losses in the suction line total 1.18 m and...

Of the following countries, the one that obtains the largest proportion of its electricity from nuclear energy is a. France b. China c. Japan d. United States

Classify each of the following common objects as being either chiral or achiral. Assume in each case that the object is in its simplest form, without decoration or printed labels. (a) A ladder; (b) A...

Give the expected major product of catalytic hydrogenation of each of the following alkenes. Clearly show and explain the stereochemistry of the resulting molecules. CH3 CH3 H () (b) (c) H H2C...

Give the expected major product from the reaction of each alkene with (i) peroxide-free HBr (ii) HBr in the presence of peroxides. (a) 1-Hexene; (b) 2-methyl-1-pentene; (c) 2-methyl-2-pentene; (d)...

For each compound in each of the following groups of isomers, indicate the number of signals in the 1 H NMR spectrum, the approximate chemical shift of each signal, and the integration ratios for the...

The bicyclic alkene car-3-ene, a constituent of turpentine, undergoes catalytic hydrogenation to give only one of the two possible stereoisomeric products. The product has the common name cis-carane,...

Write the expected product(s) of each of the following reactions. CH3 3 NANH, liquid NH, 2 NANH,, liquid NH, () CH-CH-CHCCH-CI (b) CH,OCH,CH,CH,CHCHCH3 I Br Br NaOCH, (1 equivalent), CH,OH CH3 CI CI...

Draw all resonance forms and a representation of the appropriate resonance hybrid for each of the following species. CH3 () (b) () (d) ()

Would you expect addition of HCl to the double bond of 3-buten-2-one (shown in the margin) to follow Markovnikovs rule? Explain your answer by a mechanistic argument. CH;CCH=CH, 3-Buten-2-one

Write the final products of the following reaction sequences. (a) (b) (c) (d) Write a detailed mechanism for reaction sequence (c). NaOCH, CH,O, O + CH2=CHCCH3

Seawater containing 3.50 wt% salt passes through a series of 10 evaporators. Roughly equal quantities of water are vaporized in each of the 10 units and then condensed and combined to obtain a...

The terminal carboxyl groups of glutamic acid and aspartic acid are often protected through their conversion to benzyl esters. What mild method could be used for removal of this protecting group?

Saturated steam at 300C is used to heat a counter currently flowing stream of methanol vapor from 65C to 260C in an adiabatic heat exchanger. The flow rate of the methanol is 6500 standard liters per...

A small lead ball, attached to a 0.75-m rope, is being whirled in a circle that lies in the vertical plane. The ball is whirled at a constant rate of three revolutions per second and is released on...

The IR, NMR, and mass spectra are provided for an organic compound. (a) Consider each spectrum individually, and tell what characteristics of the molecule are apparent from that spectrum. (b) Propose...

A solution with a final volume of 500.0 mL was prepared by dissolving 25.00 mL of methanol (CH 3 OH, density = 0.791 4 g/mL) in chloroform. (a) Calculate the molarity of methanol in the solution. (b)...

(a) How much of the primary standard benzoic acid (FM 122.12, density = 1.27 g/mL) should you weigh out to obtain a 100.0 mM aqueous solution in a volume of 250 mL? (b) What apparent mass in air will...

Write down which factors are most important when deciding on a particular fuel for the purpose given: a. Fuel for a cigarette lighter b. Fuel for a camping stove c. Fuel for an aeroplane d. Fuel for...

a. Define the term 1st ionisation energy. b. Draw a sketch graph to show how log 10 ionisation energy for chlorine (atomic number 17) varies when plotted against number of electrons removed. c....

a. Name the three types of orbital present in the third principal quantum shell. b. State the maximum number of electrons that can be found in each subshell of the third quantum shell.

Bromine, Br 2 , and iodine monochloride, ICl, have the same number of electrons. But the boiling point of iodine monochloride is nearly 40 C higher than the boiling point of bromine. Explain this...

Explain the following statements. a. A car exhaust pipe will rust much faster if the car is in constant use. b. Vegetables cook faster when they are chopped up. c. Industrial processes become more...

A drop hammer is used to drive a hollow steel post into the ground. The hammer is placed inside the post by a crane. The crane lifts the hammer and then drops it so that it falls onto the baseplate...

Use base units to prove that the following equations are homogeneous. a. Pressure = density acceleration due to gravity depth b. Distance travelled = initial speed x time + 1/2 acceleration x time...

A stone of mass 3 kg is sliding across a frozen pond at a speed of 10 m/s when it collides head on with a lump of clay of mass 7 kg. The stone sticks to the clay and the two slide on together across...

a. Explain what is meant by the mass of a body and the weight of a body. b. State and explain one situation in which the weight of a body changes while its mass remains constant. c. State the...

a. The diagram below shows the structures of three amino acids. i. Draw a diagram to show the structure of the tripeptide with the following sequence: alanineglycineserine. ii. What is the name given...

Copy the diagrams below. a. Identify with labels which one represents a lipid and which a phospholipid. b. i For molecule A, indicate on the diagram where hydrolysis would take place if the molecule...

Two adjacent five-dot sections of a ticker-tape measure 10 cm and 16 cm, respectively. The interval between dots is 0.02 s. Deduce the acceleration of the trolley that produced the tape.

A trolley with a 5.0 cm long card passed through a single light gate. The time recorded by a digital timer was 0.40 s. What was the average speed of the trolley in m s 1 ?

A MPV has seven passenger seats one in the front, and three in each of the other two rows. a. In how many ways can all 8 seats be filled from a party of 12 people, assuming that they can all drive?...

Calculate the current in a gold wire of cross-sectional area 2.0 mm 2 when the mean drift velocity of the electrons in the wire is 0.10 mm s 1 . The electron number density for gold is 5.9 10 28 m 3...

A hydrocarbon has a molecular ion peak at a mass-to charge ratio of 84 (relative abundance of 62.0%) and an [M + 1] peak with a relative abundance of 4.1%. a. How many carbon atoms are in the...

Answer the following, giving a full explanation in terms of metallic bonding. a. Explain why aluminium has a higher melting point than sodium. b. The thermal conductivity of stainless steel is 82 W m...

A traditional pair of scales uses sliding masses of 10 g and 100 g to achieve a balance. A diagram of the arrangement is shown in Figure 4.23. The bar itself is supported with its centre of gravity...

A trolley is at rest, tethered between two springs. It is pulled 0.15 m to one side and, when time t = 0, it is released so that it oscillates back and forth with s.h.m. The period of its motion is...

A cricket bat strikes a ball of mass 0.16 kg travelling towards it. The ball initially hits the bat at a speed of 25 m s 1 and returns along the same path with the same speed. The time of impact is...

Calculate the average current required to charge a 50 F capacitor to a p.d. of 10 V in a time interval of 0.01 s.

Electromagnetic waves of wavelength 2.4 10 7 m are incident on the surface of a metal whose work function is 2.8 10 19 J. a. Calculate the energy of a single photon. b. Calculate the maximum...

A survey found that the mean salary for professional soccer players is much higher than the median salary. Does It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the statement makes sense (or is...

Among a sample of 1037 adult women, pulse rates are normally distributed with a mean of 74.0 beats per minute, but 75% of the women have pulse rates greater than 74.0 beats per minute. Does It Make...

A newspaper used images of cigarettes of different sizes to depict the percentages of adults who smoke in 2000 and in 2017. Which graphic would depict these data more objectively: a bar graph or...

A geneticist is working with 3 green peas and 1 yellow pea. Let G denote the event of randomly selecting one of these peas and getting one that is green. Let Y denote the event of randomly selecting...

A simple random sample of 50 adults is obtained, and each persons red blood cell count (in cells per microliter) is measured. The sample mean is 5.23 cells/L. The population standard deviation for...

Percentage of scores greater than 100 IQ Scores. For Exercises, sketch the normal distribution of IQ scores, which has a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15, then shade the described area. Use...

The aluminum in a 2.200-g sample of impure ammonium aluminum sulfate was precipitated with aqueous ammonia as the hydrous Al 2 O 3 . xH 2 O. The precipitate was filtered and ignited at 1000C to give...

The data barely deviate at all from the best-fit line, and they produce this value for the square of the correlation coefficient: r 2 = 0.3. Does It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the...

A random sample of 81 newborn girls is obtained and they have a mean birth weight of 2919 grams. What is the probability of randomly selecting another 81 newborn girls and getting a mean birth weight...

Find the frequency and wavelength of a 50-MeV gamma-ray photon.

Prove that the moments of inertia I a and I b (see Figure 8.3) are equal for the benzene molecule. You do not need to know the bond distances, just invoke the hexagonal symmetry, and for simplicity,...

Show that the dipole moment of a collection of charges is independent of origin, provided that the net charge is zero. Also, show that the quadrupole moment is independent of origin if the dipole...

A 4.0 L sample of O 2 gas has a pressure of 1.0 bar. A 2.0 L sample of N 2 gas has a pressure of 2.0 bar. If these two samples are mixed and then compressed in a 2.0 L vessel, what is the final...

Huey and Dunham (1987) measured the running speed of fence lizards, Sceloporus merriami, in Big Bend National Park in Texas. Individual lizards were captured and placed in a 2.3-meter raceway, where...

Consider an infinite 1D chain of H 2 molecules where the molecular axis is oriented perpendicular to the chain direction, as shown below. (a) How many bands are there in the band structure? (b)...

At high temperatures, alkanes can undergo dehydrogenation to produce alkenes. For example: This reaction is used industrially to prepare ethylene while simultaneously serving as a source of hydrogen...

Identify reagents that can be used to achieve each of the following transformations: a. b. c. Br

Suggest an efficient synthesis for each of the following transformations: a. b.

Draw the structure of each of the following compounds: a. (R)-3, 3-Dibromocyclohexanol b. (S)-2, 3-Dimethyl-3-pentanol c. (1S, 2S, 4R)-Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol