The contingency table shows the results of a random sample of endangered and threatened species by status and vertebrate group. At α = 0.01, test the hypothesis that the variables are independent.

(a) Find the expected frequency for each cell in the contingency table,

(b) Identify the claim and state H₀ and H_a,

(c) Determine the degrees of freedom, find the critical value, and identify the rejection region,

(d) Find the chi-square test statistic,

(e) Decide whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis,

(f) Interpret the decision in the context of the original claim. If convenient, use technology.

Transcribed Image Text:

Vertebrate group Mammals BirdsReptiles Amphibians Fish 38 19 Status 143 Endangered 162 Threatened 17 10 45 32 18 16