Domino toppling is an event in which a large number of dominoes are lined up close together and then allowed to topple, one after the other. The disturbance that propagates along the line of dominoes...

The standard heat of the reaction is H r = 904:7 kJ. (a) Briefly explain what that means. Your explanation may take the form When ______ (specify quantities of reactant species and their physical...

A 25-mL sample of 0.50 M NaOH is combined with a 75-mL sample of 0.50 M NaOH. What is the concentration of the resulting NaOH solution?

Tell whether the two structures in each pair represent enantiomers or two molecules of the same compound in different orientations. a. b. c. Br. CI Br Cl I F and H F H

Examine Solved Problem 7.3. Your task is to prepare A in the highest possible yield by dehydrobromination. Which base would you use? Solved Problem 7.3 Using Zaitsevs rule, predict which would be the...

An unknown compound shows a weak molecular ion at m/z87 in the mass spectrum, and the only large peak is at m/z30. The IR spectrum follows. The NMR spectrum shows only three singlets: one of area 9...

Show how you would accomplish the following multistep syntheses. You may use any additional reagents and solvents you need. a. PhCH 2 CH 2 OH PhCH 2 CH 2 COOH b. c. d. e. f. CH3 CH2

A student synthesized Compound 1 (below). To purify the compound, he extracted it into aqueous base and then acidified the solution to protonate the acid so that he could extract it back into ether....

Draw diagrams to show the bonding in each of the following compounds: a. Calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ) b. Oxygen (O 2 ) c. Magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ) d. Tetrachloromethane (CCl 4 ).

By referring to the periodic table (Figure 2.15 or inside front cover), identify the group and period to which each of the following elements belongs. Then decide whether the element is a metal,...

At room temperature and pressure (rtp), which of the substances listed below is: a. A solid element? b. A liquid element? c. A gaseous mixture? d. A solid mixture? e. A liquid compound? f. A solid...

Ethyl chloride is sold as a liquid (see photo) under pressure for use as a local skin anesthetic. Ethyl chloride boils at 12 C at atmospheric pressure. When the liquid is sprayed onto the skin, it...

There are 15 competitors in a camel race. How many ways are there of guessing the first three finishers?

The drawing shows the activities of three radioactive samples. Rank the samples according to half-life, largest first. (a) 2, 3, 1 (b) 1, 2, 3 (c) 3, 2, 1 (d) 1, 3, 2 (e) 3, 1,2 2 3 Time Activity

a. Write equations that describe: i. The 1st ionisation energy of calcium ii. The 3rd ionisation energy of potassium iii. The 2nd ionisation energy of lithium iv. The 5th ionisation energy of sulfur....

a. Calculate the volume occupied by 272 g of methane at a pressure of 250 kPa and a temperature of 54 C. (R = 8.31 J K 1 mol 1 ; M r methane = 16.0) b. The pressure exerted by 0.25 mol of carbon...

a. What is meant by the term ideal gas? b. Under what conditions do real gases differ from ideal gases? Give reasons for your answer.

Explain the following: a. Why are most metals strong, but ionic solids are brittle? b. Why is an alloy of copper and tin stronger than either copper or tin alone?

Use the oxidation number method to balance these equations. a. H 2 SO 4 + HI S + I 2 + H 2 O b. HBr + H 2 SO 4 Br 2 + SO 2 + H 2 O c. V 3+ + I 2 + H 2 O VO 2+ + I + H +

Explain why the enthalpy change of neutralisation of one mole of sulfuric acid, H 2 SO 4 , is not the standard enthalpy change of neutralisation.

Use the information in Figure 6.15 and the information below to show that the average bond energy of the C H bond is 415.9 kJ mol 1 H f [CH 4 ] = 74.8 kJ mol 1 H at [ 12 H 2 ] = +218 kJ mol 1 H ...

a. What would happen if octane was added to a solution of sodium hydroxide? b. Explain your answer to part a.

Determine the base units of: a. Pressure (= force/area) b. Energy (= force distance) c. Density (= mass/volume)

Determine the speed in m s 1 of an object that travels: a. 3.0 m in 5.0 ms b. 6.0 km in 3.0 Ms c. 8.0 pm in 4.0 ns.

Carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic (CRP) is used in the manufacture of golf clubs and tennis rackets. a. What are composite materials? b. Which two substances are used to manufacture this composite...

A car is moving at 8.0 m s 1 . The driver makes it accelerate at 1.0 m s 2 for a distance of 18 m. What is the final velocity of the car?

A car is initially stationary. It has a constant acceleration of 2.0 m s 2 . a. Calculate the velocity of the car after 10 s. b. Calculate the distance travelled by the car at the end of 10 s. c....

A train is travelling at 50 m s 1 when the driver applies the brakes and gives the train a constant deceleration of magnitude 0.50 m s 2 for 100 s. Describe what happens to the train. Calculate the...

A ray of light, in air, strikes one side of a rectangular glass block. The refractive index of the glass is 1.5. a. Draw a diagram to show the direction the ray will take in the glass if the angle of...

In the diagrams above, rays of light strike a mirror and one end of an optical fibre. a. Copy and complete the diagrams to show what will happen to each of the rays. b. Which diagram shows an example...

An aircraft, starting from rest accelerates uniformly along a straight runway. It reaches a speed of 200 km h 1 and travels a distance of 1.4 km. What is the acceleration of the aircraft along the...

A submarine uses sonar to measure the depth of water below it. Reflected sound waves are detected 0.40 s after they are transmitted. How deep is the water? (Speed of sound in water = 1500 m s 1 .)

A vector P of magnitude 3.0 N acts towards the right and a vector Q of magnitude 4.0 N acts upwards. What is the magnitude and direction of the vector (P Q)? A. 1.0 N at an angle of 53 downwards to...

Look at Figure 1.2. The runner has just run 10,000 m in a time of 27 minutes 5.17 s. Calculate his average speed during the race. EAT RITA KEVA TANU TOLA FARAH CEMELASH

The volume of a rectangular block can be calculated using this equation: volume = length x width X height Using this information, copy and complete the table below. height/cm volume of rectangular...

A student investigates the resistance of wire in different circuit arrangements. The circuit shown in the diagram below is used. The student measures the current I in the wire. She then measures the...

The diagram below shows a disaccharide called lactose. The carbon atoms are numbered. You are not expected to have seen this structure before. Lactose is a reducing sugar found in milk. It is made...

In a double-slit experiment, filters were placed in front of a white light source to investigate the effect of changing the wavelength of the light. At first, a red filter was used instead ( = 600...

a. Explain what is meant by a radian. b. A body moves round a circle at a constant speed and completes one revolution in 15 s. Calculate the angular speed of the body.

In a washing machine, the clothes are held in cylinder called a drum. The drum has holes in it that allow water to enter the drum and also to drain out of the drum. The drum of a particular washing...

An object follows a circular path at a steady speed. Describe how each of the following quantities changes as it follows this path: speed, velocity, kinetic energy, momentum, centripetal force,...

If you have ever been down a water-slide (a flume) (Figure 16.16) you will know that you tend to slide up the side as you go around a bend. Explain how this provides the centripetal force needed to...

When a thermocouple has one junction in melting ice and the other junction in boiling water it produces an e.m.f. of 63 V. a. What e.m.f. would be produced if the second junction was also placed in...

In each of the three graphs, a, b and c in Figure 18.38, give the phase difference between the two curves: i. As a fraction of an oscillation ii. In degrees iii. In radians. Time b Time Time Figure...

The pendulum of a clock is displaced by a distance of 4.0 cm and it oscillates in s.h.m. with a period of 1.0 s. a. Write down an equation to describe the displacement x of the pendulum bob with time...

State and justify whether the following oscillators show simple harmonic motion: a. A basketball being bounced repeatedly on the ground. b. A guitar string vibrating c. A conducting sphere vibrating...

The bob of a simple pendulum has a mass of 0.40 kg. The pendulum oscillates with a period of 2.0 s and an amplitude of 0.15 m. At one point in its cycle it has a potential energy of 0.020 J. What is...

Zirconium, Zr, and hafnium, Hf, are metals. An isotope of zirconium has 40 protons and 91 nucleons. a. i. Write the isotopic symbol for this isotope of zirconium. ii. How many neutrons are present in...

A current of 0.20 A flows in a wire of length 2.50 m placed at right angles to a magnetic field of flux density 0.060 T. Calculate the force on the wire.

A 400 F capacitor is charged using a 20 V battery. It is connected across the ends of a 600 resistor with 20 V potential difference across its plates. a. Calculate the charge stored on the...

The table gives data on the physical properties of five substances, a to e. a. Copy the table and fill in the gaps. b. Explain the melting point and electrical conductivity of substance a. c. Explain...

The structures of carbon dioxide and silicon dioxide are shown in the diagram below. Use your knowledge of structure and bonding to explain the following: a. Carbon dioxide is a gas at room...

The second order differential equation d2r/dt2 4r = 3cost has initial conditions r = 1, dy/dt = 1 when t = 0. a. Find the complementary function and the particular integral. b. Hence, using the...

In a Harris Interactive survey of 1006 randomly selected subjects, 96% of adults said that they wash their hands in public restrooms.

Consider two grocery stores at which the mean waiting time in line is the same but the variation of waiting times is different. At which store would you expect the customers to have more complaints...

A manufacturer uses two different production sites to make batteries for cell phones. There is a defect rate of 2% at one of the sites and a defect rate of 4% at the other site. Therefore, the...

The distribution of pedestrian speeds on a path used by both walkers and runners was found to be bimodal. Does It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the statement makes sense (or is clearly...

The standard deviation for the heights of 5-year-old children is smaller than the standard deviation for the heights of children who range in age from 3 to 15. Does It Make Sense? For Exercises,...

After being tested for the presence of a disease, a patient is told to think positively, so the patient is hoping for a positive test result. It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the...

To find the mean wage of restaurant workers in the United States, an economist found the mean wage for each of the 50 states, then calculated the mean of those 50 numbers. Does It Make Sense? For...

Listed below are the earnings (in millions of dollars) of the celebrities with the five highest incomes in a recent year. The celebrities in order are Steven Spielberg, Howard Stern, George Lucas,...

When ice-dancers spin, as shown in the diagram, the first dancers hand applies a centripetal force to the second dancers hand. In which case is the centripetal force the greatest? axis of spin centre...

One end of a string is secured to the ceiling and a metal ball of mass 50 g is tied to its other end. The ball is initially at rest in the vertical position. The ball is raised through a vertical...

The data below are times (in seconds) recorded when statistics students participated in an experiment to test their ability to determine when 1 minute (60 seconds) had passed. What do these data...

a. Explain what is meant by the term angular speed. b. This diagram shows a rubber bung, of mass 200 g, on the end of a length of string being swung in a horizontal circle of radius 40 cm. The string...

Seismometers are used to detect and measure the shock waves that travel through the Earth due to earthquakes. This diagram shows the structure of a simple seismometer. The shock wave will cause the...

When a cricket ball hits a cricket bat at high speed it can cause a standing wave to form on the bat. In one such example, the handle of the bat moved with a frequency of 60 Hz with an amplitude of...

The ages of males when they were hospitalized because of myocardial infarctions (heart attacks) Describing Distributions. For each distribution described in Exercises, answer the following questions:...

This diagram shows a turntable with a rod attached to it a distance 15 cm from the centre. The turntable is illuminated from the side so that a shadow is cast on a screen. A simple pendulum is placed...

This diagram shows the piston of a small car engine that oscillates in the cylinder with a motion that approximates simple harmonic motion at 4200 revs per minute (1rev = 1 cycle). The mass of the...

These graphs show the displacement of a body as it vibrates between two points. Figure 18.40 a. State and explain whether the body is moving with simple harmonic motion. b. Make a copy of the three...

A 50 g mass is attached to a securely clamped spring. The mass is pulled downwards by 16 mm and released, which causes it to oscillate with s.h.m. of time period of 0.84 s. a. Calculate the frequency...

Overall, do you think that kids today really are smarter than their parents and grandparents, or do you favor a different explanation for the Flynn effect? Discuss in a small group until you reach a...

The distribution of Chromebook sales data over the last year is not normal, because it has two modes corresponding to the holiday season and the back-to-school season. Does It Make Sense? For...

Identify the distribution in Figure 5.6 tha is not normal. Of the two normal distributions, which has the larger standard deviation? 0 25 50 75 100 0 25 50 75 100 0 (a) (b) 25 50 75 100 (c)

A particle, P, is placed on a large, rough, horizontal disc. P is of mass 2.4 kg. The particle is then attached to a light, inextensible string of length 4 m. The string passes through a smooth hole...

The distribution of annual incomes of U.S. adults is a normal distribution. Does It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the statement makes sense (or is clearly true) or does not make sense...

What percentage of adult males have pulse rates greater than 53 bpm? Pulse Rates. In Exercises, assume that pulse rates of adult males are normally distributed with a mean of 70 beats per minute...

The distribution of the weights of all adult elephants in Kenya is a normal distribution. Does It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the statement makes sense (or is clearly true) or does...

Weighted Mean. In Exercises, find the mean of the data summarized in the frequency table by using the middle of each bin and the frequency for each bin. Also, compare the computed means to these the...

In a Wakefield Research survey, 1003 subjects were asked if they ever hesitated to give a handshake because of a fear of germs. Of these respondents, 41.0% answered yes. a. What is the number of...

Listed below are measurements of the head injury criterion (hic) for the following seven small cars tested in crashes by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration: Chevrolet Aveo, Honda...

Ayurveda is a traditional medical system commonly used in India. Listed below are the lead concentrations (in g/g) measured in different Ayurveda medicines (manufactured in the United States). (Data...

The table below shows the passing records of two rival quarterbacks in the first half and second half of a football game. Who had the higher completion percentage in the first half? Who had the...

Your pie chart must be wrong because you have the 45% frequency wedge near the upper left and the answer key shows it near the lower right. Does It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the...

I used an exponential scale because the data values for my categories ranged from 7 to 450,000,000. Does It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the statement makes sense (or is clearly true)...

Listed below are measurements of specific absorption rate (SAR) of radiation (in W/kg) when these types of cell phones are held to the head: Samsung SGHtss9, Blackberry Storm, Blackberry Curve,...

A small company has six stockholders who vote on opening a new store. The number of shares owned and the vote of each stockholder are given in the table below. Does the new store receive a majority...

a. Use the result from Exercise 1a to construct a histogram for the weights of regular Pepsi. b. Use the result from Exercise 1b to construct a histogram for the weights of Diet Pepsi. c. Compare the...

Use Table A-1 to find the percentage of pulse rates of adult men between 60 and 80 bpm. Table A-1 Pulse Rates. In Exercises, assume that pulse rates of adult males are normally distributed with a...

Rolling a single six-sided die and getting a result that is less than 10 Theoretical Probabilities. For Exercises, use the theoretical method to determine the probability of the given outcome or...

As shown in Figure 6.11, a roulette wheel has 38 numbers, with 18 odd numbers (black) and 18 even numbers (red), as well as 0 and 00 (which are green). If you bet $5 that the outcome is an odd...

Because either there is life on Mars or there is not, the probability of life on Mars is 0.5. Does It Make Sense? For Exercises, determine whether the statement makes sense (or is clearly true) or...

The complexity of DNA analysis can make it difficult for prosecutors to explain DNA evidence to jurors. If you were a prosecutor, how would you deal with this problem? Explain.

For a $1 straight bet in the California Daily 3 lottery, the expected return is 64, so betting a dollar for fun is okay, but it is unwise to bet much money on this lottery. Does It Make Sense? For...

In terms of the law of large numbers, explain why you should not be surprised to see 6 heads in 10 tosses of a fair coin, but you should be surprised to see 600 heads in 1000 tosses of the same coin.

Assume that the scores on the Graduate Record Exam (GRE) are normally distributed with a mean of 497 and a standard deviation of 115. a. A graduate school requires a GRE score of 650 for admission....

Consider the following table, showing the official mean weight and estimated standard deviation for five U.S. coins. Suppose a vending machine is designed to reject all coins with weights more than 2...

Consider the graph of the normal distribution in Figure 5.15, which gives the relative frequencies in a distribution of body weights for a sample of male students. a. What is the mean of the...

The amount of nicotine absorbed by the human body can be determined by measuring the amount of cotinine (ng/ml) in the blood. Figure 5.9 shows a histogram for the amounts of cotinine measured in 40...