A cooling coil consists of a bank of aluminum (k = 237 W/m K) finned tubes having the core configuration of figure and an inner diameter of 13.8 mm. The tubes are installed in a plenum whose square...
Determine the forces P1 and P2 needed to hold the cable in the position shown, i.e., so segment C D remains horizontal. Also, find the maximum tension in thecable. 15 m Im 5 KN 12m
Determine the force members BC, FC, and FE, and state if the members are in tension or compression. Units Used: kN = 103 N Given: F1 = 6kN F2 = 6kN a = 3 m b = 3 m ET
The figure is a schematic drawing of a countershaft that supports two V-belt pulleys. The countershaft runs at 1200 rev/min and the bearings are to have a life of 60 kh at a combined reliability of...
Consider the system shown in Fig. P177, if a change of 0.7 kPa in the pressure of air causes the brinemercury interface in the right column to drop by 5 mm in the brine level in the right column...
The Y-type structure is used to support the high voltage transmission cables. If the supporting cables each exert a force F on the structure at B, determine the moment of each force about point A....
A 1.2 2.4-Ã m sheet of plywood is temporarily held by nails at D and E and by two wooden braces nailed at A, B, and C. Wind is blowing on the hidden face of the plywood sheet, and it is...
A reverse-osmosis plant is used to treat 30,000,000 gal/day of seawater at 20C containing 3.5 wt% dissolved solids to produce 10,000,000 gal/day of potable water with 500 ppm of dissolved solids, and...
A thin electrical heating element provides a uniform heat flux q;' to the outer surface of a duct through which air flows. The duct wall has a thickness of 10 mm and a thermal conductivity of 20 W/m...
Consider steady-state conditions for one-dimensional conduction in a plane wall having a thermal conductivity k = 50 W/m K and a thickness L = 0.25 m, with no internal heat generation. Determine the...
Find the bubble-point and dew-point temperatures of a mixture of 0.4 mole fraction toluene (1) and 0.6 mole fraction n-butanol (2) at 101.3kPa. The K-values can be calculated from (2-72), the...
Air at 50C with a dew point of 4C enters a textile dryer at a rate of 11.3m3/min and leaves saturated. The dryer operates adiabatically. Use the psychometric chart to determine the absolute humidity...
Estimate the wavelength corresponding to maximum emission from each of the following surfaces: the sun, a tungsten filament at 2500 K, a heated metal at 1500 K, human skin at 305 K. and a...
Balloons are often filled with helium gas because it weighs only about one-seventh of what air weighs under identical conditions. The buoyancy force, which can be expressed as Fb = paiv gV balloon,...
When holding the stone of weight W in equilibrium, the humerus H, assumed to be smooth, exerts normal forces FC and FA on the radius C and ulna A as shown. Determine these forces and the force FB...
Thickness of a falling film, water at 20 o C is flowing down a vertical wall with Re = 10. Calculate (a) The flow rate, in gallons per hour per foot of wall length, and (b) The film thickness in...
Two automobiles A and B, of mass ss mA and mB, respectively, are traveling in opposite directions when they collide head on. The impact is assumed perfectly plastic, and it is further assumed that...
A long roll of 2-m-wide and 0.5-cm-thick 1-Mn manganese steel plate (r = 7854 kg/m3 and cp = 0.434 kJ/kg ¢ °C) coming off a furnace at 820°C is to be quenched in an oil bath at 45°C...
A round solid cylinder made of a plastic material ( a = 6 x 10 -7 m 2 /s) is initially at a uniform temperature of 20 o C and is well insulated along its lateral surface and at one end. At time t =...
A 1-kg sphere is at rest relative to a parabolic dish which rotates at a constant rate about a vertical axis. Neglecting friction and knowing that r = 1 m, determine(a) The speed v of the sphere,(b)...
A heavy crate is being moved a short distance using three identical cylinders as rollers. Knowing that at the instant shown the crate has a velocity of 200 mm/s and an acceleration of 400mm/s2, both...
Force on a U-bend (Fig. 7A.5). Water at 68F ( p = 62.4lb m /ft 3 , = 1 cp) is flowing in turbulent flow in a U-shaped pipe bend at 3 ft3/s. What is the horizontal force exerted by the water on the...
Consider the plane wall of Figure 3.1, separating hot and cold fluids at temperatures T ,1 and T ,2 ' respectively. Using surface energy balances as boundary conditions at x = 0 and x = L (see...
Determine the force in members OE, LE, and LK of the Baltimore truss and state if the members are in tension or compression. Units Used: kN = 103 N Given: F1 = 2kN a = 2 m F2 = 2kN b = 2 m F3 = 5kN...
A thermal energy storage unit consists of a large rectangular channel, which is well insulated on its outer surface and encloses alternating layers of the storage material and the flow passage. Each...
What is the physical significance of hfg? Can it be obtained from a knowledge of hf and hg? How?
The fern is defined as the unit of force required to accelerate a unit of mass, called the bung, with the gravitational acceleration on the surface of the moon, which is one-sixth of the normal...
Three loads are applied as shown to a light beam supported by cables attached at B and D. Knowing that the maximum allowable tension in each cable is 12 kN and neglecting the weight of the beam,...
Calculate the heat of vaporization of water (kJ/mol) at 50C and low pressures from the tabulated heat of vaporization in Table B.1 and data in Table B.2 and Table B.8. Show clearly the process path...
The horizontal beam is supported by springs at its ends. If the stiffness of the spring at A is kA , determine the required stiffness of the spring at B so that if the beam is loaded with the force...
In a manufacturing operation, three holes are drilled simultaneously in a work piece. Knowing that the holes are perpendicular to the surfaces of the work piece, replace the couples applied to the...
The spectral absorptivity ?? and spectral reflectivity p? for a spectrally selective, diffuse material are as shown. (a) Sketch the spectral transmissivity ??. (b) If solar irradiation with GS = 750...
The arm ABC rotates with an angular velocity of 4 rad/s counterclockwise. Knowing that the angular velocity of the intermediate gear B is 8 rad/s counterclockwise, determine(a) The instantaneous...
A 90-N force is applied to the control rod AB as shown. Knowing that the length of the rod is 225 mm, determine the moment of the force about point B by resolving the force into horizontal and...
If the magnitude of the resultant couple moment is M, determine the magnitude F of the forces applied to the wrenches. Given: M = 15 N mc = 200 mm a = 300 mm d = 200 mm b = 150 mm = 60 deg A F
A plate-fin heat exchanger is used to condense a saturated refrigerant vapor in an air-conditioning system. The vapor has a saturation temperature of 45?C and a condensation rate of 0.015 kg/s is...
Gold nanoparticles (Figure 16-29) can be titrated with the oxidizing agent TCNQ in the presence of excess of Br to oxidize Au(0) to AuBr in deaerated toluene. Gold atoms in the interior of the...
The figure shows a welded steel bracket loaded by a static force F. Estimate the factor of safety if the allowable shear stress in the weld throat is 120 MPa. br> 120F 7.5 kN 120 459 Dimensions in...
A geothermal power plant uses geothermal water extracted at 160C at a rate of 440 kg/s as the heat source and produces 22 MW of net power. If the environment temperature is 25C, determine (a) The...
The sack has weight W and is supported by the six cords tied together as shown. Determine the tension in each cord and the angle θ for equilibrium. Cord BC is horizontal. Given: W = 15 lb...
The hatch door has a weight W and center of gravity at G. If the force F applied to the handle at C has coordinate direction angles of , and , determine the magnitude of F needed to hold the door...
A piston - cylinder device initially contains 0.35-kg steam at 3.5 MPa, superheated by 7.4oC. Now the steam loses heat to the surroundings and the piston moves down, hitting a set of stops at which...
By driving a truck over a scale, it was determined that the loads on the front and rear axles are 18 kN and 12 kN, respectively, when the truck is empty. Determine the weight and the location of the...
Methanol vapor is burned with excess air in a catalytic combustion chamber. Liquid methanol initially at 25C is vaporized at 1.1 atm and heated to 100C; the vapor is mixed with air that has been...
A helical compression spring is made of hard-drawn spring steel wire 0.080-in in diameter and has an outside diameter of 0.880 in. The ends are plain and ground, and there are 8 total coils. (a) The...
Biomass combustion-burning of forests, grasslands, agricultural wastes, and other biological matter-is recognized as a serious threat to the environment.8 The table below shows the distribution of...
A finned-tube, cross-flow heat exchanger is to use the exhaust of a gas turbine to heat pressurized water. Laboratory measurements are performed on a prototype version of the exchanger, which has a...
Pressure distribution in incompressible fluids, Penelope is staring at a beaker filled with a liquid, which for all practical purposes can be considered as incompressible; let its density be P0. She...
Consider the three-reservoir system of Fig. P6.121 with the following data: L1 = 95 m L2 = 125 m L3 = 160 m z1 = 25 m z2 = 115 m z3 = 85 m All pipes are 28-cm-diameter unfinished concrete (ε...
The 4-m by 4-m horizontal roof of an uninsulated aluminum melting furnace is comprised of a 0.08-m-thick fireclay brick refractory covered by a 5-mm-thick steel (AISI 1010) plate. The refractory...
An instrumentation diagram for a fired heater control system is shown in Fig. E. Identify advanced control strategies based on material from Chapters 15 and 16. Discuss the rationale for each...
Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 7 MPa, 600C, and 80 m/s and leaves at 50 kPa, 150C, and 140 m/s. If the power output of the turbine is 6 MW, determine (a) the mass flow rate of the steam flowing...
The 70-N force acts on the end of the pipe at B. Determine (a) The moment of this force about point A, and (b) The magnitude and direction of a horizontal force, applied at C, which produces the same...
A full journal bearing has a journal diameter of 1.250 in, with a unilateral tolerance of 0.001 in. The bushing bore has a diameter of 1.252 in and a unilateral tolerance of 0.003 in. The bearing is...
Determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant force FR. Express the result in terms of the magnitudes of the components F1 and F2 and the angle φ. gb Fi
From Problem 1.71 consider the wire leads connecting the transistor to the circuit board. The leads are of thermal conductivity k, thickness t. width w, and length L. One end of a lead is maintained...
For most gases at standard or near standard conditions, the relationship among pressure, density, and temperature is given by the perfect gas equation of state: p = pRT, where R is the specific gas...
A circular sea wall is made of concrete. Determine the total weight of the wall if the concrete has a specific weight c. Given: c = 150lb/ft3 a = 60 ft b = 15 ft c = 8 ft d = 30 ft = 50 deg a
A vessel of 2-m3 capacity contains 0.02 m3 of liquid water and 1.98 m3 of water vapor at 101.33 kPa. How much heat must be added to the contents of the vessel so that the liquid water is just...
For the wire form shown use Castiglianos method to determine the vertical deflection of point A. Consider bending only and assume Eq. (428) applies for the curved part.
Derive the nodal finite-difference equations for the following configurations. (a) Node m, n on a diagonal boundary subjected to convection with a fluid at T and a heat transfer coefficient h. Assume...
Determine the horizontal and vertical components of force which the pins exert on member ABC. Given: W = 80 lb a = 6 ft b = 9 ft c = 3 ft r = 0.5 ft A, W A,
Knowing that the coefficient of static friction between the tires and the road is 0.80 for the automobile shown, determine the maximum possible acceleration on a level road, assuming (a) Four-wheel...
What point defects are possible for Al2O3 as an impurity in MgO? How many Al3+ ions must be added to form each of these defects?
The average atmospheric pressure in Spokane, Washington (elevation =2350 ft), is 13.5 psia, and the average winter temperature is 36.5F. The pressurization test of a 9-ft-high, 3000-ft2 older home...
Steam enters a two-stage adiabatic turbine at 8 MPa and 500°C. It expands in the first stage to a state of 2 MPa and 350°C. Steam is then reheated at constant pressure to a temperature of...
A gaseous fuel with a volumetric analysis of 60 percent CH4, 30 percent H2, and 10 percent N2 is burned to completion with 130 percent theoretical air. Determine (a) The airfuel ratio and (b) The...
An open pan of diameter 0.2 m and height 80 mm (above water at 27C) is exposed to ambient air at 27C and 25% relative humidity. Determine the evaporation rate, assuming that only mass diffusion...
(a) In the analysis of a barrel of powder, the standard deviation of the sampling operation is 4% and the standard deviation of the analytical procedure is 3%. What is the overall standard...
Liquid water enters a 25-kW pump at 100-kPa pressure at a rate of 5 kg/s. Determine the highest pressure the liquid water can have at the exit of the pump. Neglect the kinetic and potential energy...
Two forces of magnitude TA = 6 kips and TC = 9 kips are applied as shown to a welded connection. Knowing that the connection is in equilibrium, determine the magnitudes of the forces TB and TD. Te
A welded connection is in equilibrium under the action of the four forces shown. Knowing that t FA = 5kN and FD = 6kN, determine the magnitudes of the other two forces. Fc Yp
A horizontal circular plate weighing 62 lb is suspended as shown from three wires that are attached to a support D and that form 30° angles with the vertical. Determine the tension in each wire....
Temperature distribution in an embedded sphere, a sphere of radius R and thermal conductivity k 1 is embedded in an infinite solid of thermal conductivity k 0 . The center of the sphere is located at...
The car rests on four scales and in this position the scale readings of both the front and rear tires are shown by FA and FB. When the rear wheels are elevated to a height of 3 ft above the front...
By showing the primary and secondary connections of three single-phase transformers, illustrate the following three-phase transformer connections: starstar, and stardelta. What is the relationship...
A surge tank in Figure is designed with a slotted weir so that the outflow rate, w, is proportional to the liquid level to the 1.5 power that is, w = Rh1.5 where R is a constant. If a single stream...
Oxygen (O2) gas within a piston-cylinder assembly undergoes an expansion from a volume V1= 0.01 m3 to volume V2 = 0.03 m3. The relationship between pressure and volume during the process is p=AV-1+B,...
Aqueous solutions of the amino acid L-isoleucine (Ile) are prepared by putting 100.0 grams of pure water into each of six flasks and adding different precisely weighed quantities of Ile to each...
The label has come off a cylinder of gas in your laboratory. You know only that one species of gas is contained in the cylinder, but you do not know whether it is hydrogen oxygen, or nitrogen. To...
In the manufacture of nitric acid, ammonia and preheated air are mixed to form a gas containing 10.0 mole% NH3 at 600C. The ammonia is then catalytically oxidized to form NO2, which is absorbed in...
The portion of truss shown represents the upper part of a power transmission line tower. For the given loading, determine the force in each of the members located above member HJ. State whether each...
Resolve the force F1 into components acting along the u and v axes and determine the components. Given: F1 = 25 lb F2 = 50 lb θ1 = 30 deg θ2 = 30 deg θ3 = 45 deg Fx 02 0
Determine the tensions in the cables and the components of reaction acting on the smooth collar at A necessary to hold the sign of weight W in equilibrium. The center of gravity for the sign is at G....
The towline exerts force P at the end of the crane boom of length L. Determine the placement x of the hook at A so that this force creates a maximum moment about point O. What is this moment? Unit...
A long conducting rod of rectangular cross section (20mm X 30mm) and thermal conductivity k = 20 W/m K experiences uniform heat generation at a rate q = 5 X 107 W/m3 , while its surfaces are...
A certain application requires a ball bearing with the inner ring rotating, with a design life of 25 kh at a speed of 350 rev/min. The radial load is 2.5kN and an application factor of 1.2 is...
Determine the force in each member of the space truss and state if the members are in tension or compression. The truss is supported by a ball-and-socket joints at A, B, and E. Hint: The support...
If Ts Tsur in Equation 1.9, the radiation heat transfer coefficient may be approximated as hr,a = 4T3 where T (Ts + Tsur)/2. We wish to assess the validity of this approximation by comparing values...
A 4.97-g petroleum specimen was decomposed by wet ashing and subsequently diluted to 500 mL in a volumetric flask. Cobalt was determined by treating 25.00-mL aliquots of this diluted solution as...
A Howe scissors roof truss is loaded as shown. Determine the force in members DF, DG, and EG. 2AN KN 2kN F! 1AN L5 m
A 10.0 wt% aqueous solution of sodium chloride is fed to an evaporative crystallizer operated under a partial vacuum. Evaporation of water concentrates the remaining solution beyond its saturation...
Carbon dioxide contained in a pistoncylinder device is compressed from 0.3 to 0.1 m3. During the process, the pressure and volume are related by P = aV-2, where a = 8 kPa m6. Calculate the work done...
The figure shows the free-body diagram of a connecting-link portion having stress concentration at three sections. The dimensions are r = 0.25 in, d = 0.75 in, h = 0.50 in, w1 = 3.75 in, and w2 = 2.5...
Steam produced in a boiler is frequently wetthat is. it is a mist composed of saturated water vapor and entrained liquid droplets. The quality of a wet steam is defined as the fraction of the mixture...
Dehydration of natural gas is necessary to prevent the formation of gas hydrates, which can plug valves and other components of a gas pipeline, and also to reduce potential corrosion problems. Water...
A 50.0-L tank contains an air?carbon tetrachloride gas mixture at an absolute pressure of 1 atm, a temperature of 34?C, and a relative saturation of 30%. Activated carbon is added to the tank to...
A solar pond operates on the principle that heat losses from a shallow layer of water, which acts as a solar absorber, may be minimized by establishing a stable vertical salinity gradient in the...
A stirred-tank blending system initially is full of water and is being fed pure water at a constant flow rate, q. At a particular time, an operator adds caustic solution at the same volumetric how...
A force F1 acts vertically downward on the Z-bracket. Determine the moment of this force about the bolt axis (z axis), which is directed at angle θ from the vertical. Given: F1 = 80 N a = 100...