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organizational behavior
Questions and Answers of
Organizational Behavior
Assume that the printing process is a strategic contingency for a publishing company, and that only one group of employees knows how to operate the printing press. How could the environment be
What is meant by the term empowerment? Why is empowerment a concept that is resisted by some and rejected by others?
How would you describe the conflict between michael eisner and the weinstein brothers, the two board members (disney and gold), and steve jobs? Was it functional or dysfunctional?Think back to the
What are the four elements that are typically part of all negotiations? Are there likely to be differences in these elements depending on whether the negotiations are of a win-win or a win-lose
What are the possible consequences of dysfunctional conflict? Are some of these consequences more or less likely to occur in organizational conflict situations?
If you were about to begin negotiating with a person from Brazil, what would you want to know about his cultural background? Would it make a difference in the knowledge you seek if the Brazilian were
What are some of the major reasons why intergroup conflict occurs? In your personal experience, what is the most frequent reason?
Is there a relationship between the level of intergroup conflict and organizational performance? How can an organization achieve optimal levels of conflict?
When intergroup conflict occurs, changes take place within and between conflicting groups. What are these changes? Which changes are generally positive? Which are negative?
Can you think of situations with which you are familiar that would have benefited from more intergroup conflict? How could additional conflict have improved the situation?
Think back to a time in school or at work when a group of which you were a part experienced dysfunctional conflict. Describe the conflict and the impact it had on group cohesion and productivity.
How did electrolux chief executive straberg break down barrier (and increase communication) between departments? Why did he do this? Explain.What are the advantages for electrolux of having
If you were creating a research and development team for an organization, what kinds of factors would you take into consideration in deciding the composition of the team? Would these factors be
Is leadership a more or less important consideration in self-managed teams than in other types of groups? Why or why not?
Thinking back to a recent student or work group project in which you participated, how effective were you as a team member? What behaviors did you engage in that contributed to your and the group’s
What is the relationship between group norms and group cohesiveness? What roles do both cohesiveness and norms plan in shaping group performance?
Why is groupthink something to be avoided? How might a manager attempt to insure that groupthink doesn't occur in his or her group?
Are groups more effective in problem solving than individuals?
Why is it important for managers to be familiar with the concepts of group behavior?
Have you ever been part of a virtual team? Describe it. What are the advantages and disadvantages of virtual work arrangements?
Think of a formal group to which you belong. Describe the group in terms of the characteristics of groups discussed in this chapter.
Increasingly, some global workers are being sent on overseas assignments. What stressors might be unique to such assignments? What might organizations do to minimize their impact?
Why are people in certain occupations more susceptible to burnout? What kinds of things might organizations do to reduce the likelihood their members will experience burnout?
What kinds of things could an organization do to better maximize employee-environment fit?
Work under load may be every bit as dysfunctional as work overload. Can you think of other work variables where “too little” may be as counterproductive as “too much”?
Why do you think so many companies offer employee assistance programs (EAPs) to their employees? Explain.
Do you think some types of jobs or organizations attract Type A individuals? Do some attract Type B individuals? Why?
The issue of who should be responsible for dealing with work stress—the individual or the organization—is an important one. What do you think? What are your arguments for and against each
To what degree do you believe the behaviors of the featured CEOs constituted “misbehavior” and that the reactions of the boards were correct?If you were on a board of directors, what factors
Is there a possibility that in the near future organizations will have at their disposal tests that can, with precision, identify job candidates with a high propensity to misbehave? Explain.
What legal protections does an employee have against the employer’s use of electronic surveillance?
To what degree can employee and managerial misbehavior be prevented in organizations? What steps would you take as a leader to curtail this negative behavior?
Can a person be required to take medical tests to be considered for a new role or job? What restrictions, if any, are placed on us of the test data?
There are three specific points or phases at which management has the opportunity to head off workplace violence. What are the points, and what actions can management take?
Some claim that white-collar crime is not as bad or harmful as non-managerial theft or sabotage of property. Do you agree? Why or why not?
What role can frustration, stress, and emotional disturbance play in the increase in incivility in organizations?
A scholar commented, “Workplace aggression is wasteful in terms of human and financial resources.” What is meant by this statement?
The gap between women’s and men’s pay is still considerable. What steps should employers and managers take in order to close this gap in a fair and consistent manner?
This chapter discusses a number of innovative reward systems. Can you suggest other innovative approaches organizations might use? Identify potential problems with the approaches you suggest and try
Why are team-based reward systems becoming more widely used?
The basic purpose of an evaluation is to provide information about work performance, but the information can also be used for other purposes. Name five other uses for an employee evaluation.
The degree of employee satisfaction with the organization's reward system will significantly affect how successful the system is in influencing performance. Based on the research literature, what do
From a managerial perspective, why is it impractical to provide continuous reinforcement in work environments? If it were practical, would it be a good idea? Explain.
What intrinsic rewards are important to you personally on a job and as a student?
Who should be included in a person’s 360-degree domain when evaluating his/her performance?
Evaluations can be either judgmental or developmental in nature. Give examples of when one a manager should use each type.
Why do you think Six Sigma helps many organizations improve quality, customer satisfaction, and efficiency? Explain.
Employees are increasingly interested in jobs with flexible work schedules. What factors are driving this interest?
Job enrichment is realized through changes to job depth. What changes can managers make to existing jobs that will provide employees with greater opportunities to exercise discretion?
Assume that you are a restaurant supervisor in charge of 10 waiters. You notice that they appear bored with their jobs and that customer service is starting to decline. How can you redesign their
There is a distinct move away from a ‘job’ emphasis in some industries. Why is this occurring?
What is the significance of the idea of quality of life work (QWL)? In particular, what would seem to be the trade-offs between meaningful jobs and productive jobs during periods of declining
Explain the differences between job enlargement and job enrichment and analyze the relative advantages of these two approaches in organizations you have worked for.
What’s your opinion regarding forced ranking performance appraisals? Do they motivate employees? Explain.How would equity theory explain some employees’ negative reactions to forced
Is there a psychological contract between the students enrolled in this course and the instructor? What are some of the specifics of this contract? How was the contract determined?
Goal-setting can be a difficult system to implement effectively. What kinds of problems might be encountered in an effort to implement a goal-setting program in an organization? As a manager, what
How important a role does perception play in determining whether an employee is receiving equitable treatment? What kinds of things might a manager do to influence those perceptions?
As a manager, would you rather the people for whom you are responsible be extrinsically or intrinsically motivated? Explain.
What implications does Herzberg's two-factor theory have for the design of organizational reward systems? How can the theory be used to explain differences in the three components of motivation?
Motivation is just of one several factors that influence productivity. What other factors were discussed in the chapter? What is the relationship between these factors and motivation?
Which of the content theories discussed in the chapter do you believe offers the best explanation of motivation? Which of the process theories? Overall, do you feel that the content approach or the
1. Think of the initial impressions you formed of Foxconn as you read the case. To what degree did stereotyping influence your thoughts? How much did additional information about the firm change your
As an interviewer, what steps can you take to decrease the influence of impression management tactics that are commonly used by interviewees?
Give an example of a time when someone used a stereotype to describe you or something you did. Was the stereotype accurate? If not, explain why it wasn’t accurate.
What types of schemas do managers use to make better sense of information at work?
Why are the perceptions of your skills and abilities typically different from the perceptions that other have of your skills and abilities?
Assume you have a team leader who always expects the worst from team members. To what degree can this Golem effect negatively impact team performance?
1. Is Mark making a good decision to drop the use of personality testing? Why?2. The better quality personality tests are difficult to fake. Other than attempting to land the job, why would a job
What steps can you take to increase your level of emotional intelligence?
As a manager, how might you increase a subordinate's feelings of self-efficacy regarding a job assignment? How might you attempt to increase the creativity of your subordinate?
Of the Big Five personality dimensions, conscientiousness is the most important factor in predicting job performance across most occupations. How can a person develop a greater amount of
The text identified job satisfaction as an important attitude. What other attitudes might be important in work settings?
As the U.S. workforce becomes much more diverse, what implications will that have for managers as they attempt to create and maintain a work environment that allows all types of employees to
Think of an important attitude you have regarding a career. Identify the three components of that attitude and indicate what each outcome response would be.
What are some of the best ways to acquire tacit knowledge? How can mentoring help?
So many factors influence an individual’s behavior that it is impossible to predict accurately what that behavior will be in all situations. Why, then, should managers take time to understand
As millions of baby boomers begin to retire, to what extent will mentoring programs become more popular in organizations?
What can a leader do to promote cultural change that helps improve the overall effectiveness of an organization?
Point out three assumptions about the culture of the last (or present) firm by which you were employed.
To what degree do you believe that workplace spirituality can enhance employee performance?
Hofstede's research indicates that national cultures exist. Do you believe that in a heterogeneous nation, such as the United States, a national culture that is shared by society does exist?
Can spirituality be measured validly and reliably? How?
Organizational culture is a difficult concept to diagnose. How would you diagnose the culture of an office or a manufacturing plant?
What roles do values play in how the Drexler’s restaurant interfaces with its neighbors and customers?Is Drexler’s an effective organization? Why?Apply the systems model to illustrate how
What are five things that you, as a manager, can do to lead the way to higher levels of effectiveness?
As a manager, what type of quality improvement results should you strive for to achieve success over both the short and long run?
The psychological contract between workers and employers specifies what each expects to give and receive from the other. What can you offer an employer, and what do you expect in return?
What abilities will managers need in order to be successful in the 21st century? Which of these abilities do you have now? How do you plan to acquire the others?
In today’s fast-paced, global, and technological environment, it is important for an organization of any size to be adaptive. How do firms like Facebook, Google and Apple adapt?
How would you determine whether a large public hospital in your city (community or region) is effective?
What knowledge about human behavior in the workplace was discovered during the Hawthorne studies?
What are the key principles of scientific management?
Describe some of the innovative management practices that managers like Tony Hsieh.
What is stress, and what are the possible sources of stress?
What forces act as stimulants to change, and what is the difference between planned and unplanned change?
Describe how organizations can manage work-family conflicts?
Show how managers can improve performance evaluation processes?
Describe the purposes of performance evaluation, and list the methods by which it can be done.
Contrast on-the-job and off-the-job training?
Contrast formal and information training methods?
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