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computer science
systems analysis and design
Questions and Answers of
Systems Analysis And Design
An area of an interconnected \(60-\mathrm{Hz}\) power system has three turbine-generator units rated 200, 300, and \(500 \mathrm{MVA}\). The regulation constants of the units are 0.03, 0.04, and 0.06
Repeat Problem 12.7 if the frequency decreases by 0.005 per unit. Determine the MW increase of each unit.Data From Problem 12.7:-Each unit in Problem 12.5 is initially operating at one-half its own
An interconnected \(60-\mathrm{Hz}\) power system consisting of one area has two turbinegenerator units, rated 500 and \(750 \mathrm{MVA}\), with regulation constants of 0.04 and 0.05 per unit,
Open PowerWorld Simulator case Problem 12.11, which includes a transient stability representation of the system from Example 6.13. Each generator is modeled using a two-axis machine model, an IEEE
Repeat Problem 12.12 except first double the \(\mathrm{H}\) value for each of the machines. This can be most easily accomplished by selecting Stability Case Info, Transient Stability Case Summary to
For a large, \(60 \mathrm{~Hz}\), interconnected electrical system assume that following the loss of two \(1400 \mathrm{MW}\) generators (for a total generation loss of \(2800 \mathrm{MW}\) ) the
A 60-Hz power system consists of two interconnected areas. Area 1 has 1200 MW of generation and an area frequency response characteristic \(\beta_{1}=600 \mathrm{MW} / \mathrm{Hz}\). Area 2 has
Repeat Problem 12.14 if LFC is employed in area 2 alone. The area 2 frequency bias coefficient is set at \(\mathrm{B}_{f 2}=\beta_{2}=800 \mathrm{MW} / \mathrm{Hz}\). Assume that LFC in area 1 is
Repeat Problem 12.14 if LFC is employed in both areas. The frequency bias coefficients are \(\mathrm{B}_{f 1}=\beta_{1}=600 \mathrm{MW} / \mathrm{Hz}\) and \(\mathrm{B}_{f 2}=\beta_{2}=800
Rework Problems 12.15 through 12.16 when the load in area 2 suddenly decreases by \(300 \mathrm{MW}\). The load in area 1 does not change.Data From Problem 12.15:-Repeat Problem 12.14 if LFC is
On a 1000-MVA common base, a two-area system interconnected by a tie line has the following parameters:The two areas are operating in parallel at the nominal frequency of \(60 \mathrm{~Hz}\). The
The fuel-cost curves for two generators are given as follows:\[\begin{aligned}& \mathrm{C}_{1}\left(\mathrm{P}_{1}\right)=600+15 \cdot\mathrm{P}_{1}+0.05 \cdot\left(\mathrm{P}_{1}\right)^{2}
Rework problem 12.19 except assume that the limit outputs are subject to the following inequality constraints:\[\begin{aligned}& 200 \leq \mathrm{P}_{1} \leq 800 \mathrm{MW} \\& 100
Rework problem 12.19 except assume the \(1000 \mathrm{MW}\) value also includes losses, and that the penalty factor for the first unit is 1.0 , and for the second unit 0.95 .Data From Problem
The fuel-cost curves for a two generators power system are given as follows:\[\begin{aligned}& C_{1}\left(P_{1}\right)=600+15 \cdot P_{1}+0.05 \cdot\left(P_{1}\right)^{2} \\&
Expand the summations in (12.4.14) for \(N=2\), and verify the formula for \(\partial \mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{L}} / \partial \mathrm{P}_{i}\) given by (12.4.15). Assume \(\mathrm{B}_{i j}=\mathrm{B}_{j
Given two generating units with their respective variable operating costs as:\[\begin{array}{lll}\mathrm{C}_{1}=0.01 \mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{G} 1}^{2}+2\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{G} 1}+100 \quad \$ /
Resolve Example 12.8, except with the generation at bus 2 set to a fixed value (i.e., modeled as off of AGC). Plot the variation in the total hourly cost as the generation at bus 2 is varied between
Using PowerWorld case Example 12.10, with the Load Scalar equal to 1.0, determine the generation dispatch that minimizes system losses. Compare the operating cost between this solution and the
Repeat Problem 12.26, except with the Load Scalar equal to 1.4.Data From Problem 12.26:-Using PowerWorld case Example 12.10, with the Load Scalar equal to 1.0, determine the generation dispatch that
Using LP OPF with PowerWorld Simulator case Example 12.11, plot the variation in the bus 5 marginal price as the Load Scalar is increased from 1.0 in steps of 0.02 . What is the maximum possible load
Load PowerWorld Simulator case Problem 12.30. This case models a slightly modified version of the 37 bus case from Example 6.13 with generator cost information, but also with two of the three lines
An important but often overlooked aspect of power system operations is the restoration of the system following a large blackout. During restoration the operating condition of the power system is
Rework Example 13.2 if the source voltage at the sending end is a ramp, \(e_{\mathrm{G}}(t)=\) \(\mathrm{E} u_{-2}(t)=\mathrm{E} t u_{-1}(t)\), with \(\mathrm{Z}_{\mathrm{G}}=\mathrm{Z}_{c}\).Data
Rework Example 13.4 with \(\mathrm{Z}_{\mathrm{R}}=4 \mathrm{Z}_{c}\) and \(\mathrm{Z}_{\mathrm{G}}=\mathrm{Z}_{c} / 3\).Data From Example 13.4:- At the receiving end, ZR = Ze/3. At the sending end,
Draw the Bewley lattice diagram for Problem 13.5, and plot \(v(l / 3, t)\) versus time \(t\) for \(0 \leqslant t \leqslant 5 \tau\). Also plot \(v(x, 3 \tau)\) versus \(x\) for \(0 \leqslant x
Rework Problem 13.9 if the source voltage is a pulse of magnitude \(\mathrm{E}\) and duration \(\tau / 10\); that is, \(e_{\mathrm{G}}(t)=\mathrm{E}\left[u_{-1}(t)-u_{-1}(t-\tau / 10)\right] .
For the circuit given in Problem 13.3, replace the circuit elements by their discretetime equivalent circuits and write nodal equations in a form suitable for computer solution of the sending-end and
Repeat Problem 13.18 for the circuit given in Problem 13.13. Assume \(\Delta t=\) \(0.03333 \mathrm{~ms}\).Data From Problem 13.18:-For the circuit given in Problem 13.3, replace the circuit elements
Repeat Example 13.8 for a \(115-\mathrm{kV}\) system with a 1.08 per-unit maximum \(60-\mathrm{Hz}\) voltage under normal operating conditions and with a \(450-\mathrm{kV}\) BIL.Data From Example
Two case-study reports are presented here. The first describes metal oxide varistor (MOV) arresters used by electric utilities to protect transmission and distribution equipment against transient
Are reclosers used on: (a) overhead primary radial systems; (b) underground primary radial systems; (c) overhead primary loop systems; (d) underground primary loop systems? Why?
What are the advantages of secondary networks? Name one disadvantage.
Using the internet, name three cities in the United States that have secondary network systems.
A three-phase \(138 \mathrm{kV} \Delta /13.8\mathrm{kV}\) Y distribution substation transformer rated 40 MVA OA/50 MVA FA/65MVA FOA has an \(8 \%\) impedance. (a) Determine the rated current on the
Re-work Example 14.3 with \(\mathrm{R}_{\text {Load }}=40 \Omega\) /phase, \(\mathrm{X}_{\text {Load }}=60 \Omega /\) phase, and \(\mathrm{X}_{\mathrm{C}}=\) \(60 \Omega /\) phase.Data From Example
Assume that a utility's system consists of two feeders: feeder 7075 serving 2000 customers and feeder 8050 serving 4500 customers. Annual outage data during 2010 is given in Table 14.6 and 14.10 for
Utilities in North America and throughout the world are incorporating new technologies towards implementing the next-generation electricity grid known as the ‘‘intelligent grid’’ or
Which of the following systems development approach is adopted if information requirements are not well defined?(a) SDLC (b) Prototype (c) Structured approach(d) Agile
_____________ is an iterative tool for project development which produces a live working model of the system.(a) Function (b) Prototype (c) Module(d) Class
All prototypes must be ___________ in nature.(a) Evolutionary (b) Conceptual (c) Physical(d) None of these
_____________ is also used as requirement finding and feasibility testing tool.(a) Prototype (b) Reports (c) System(d) Procedure
A prototype can be ___________.(a) Complete system with partial requirements(b) Working model (c) Full-fledged system(d) All of these
Prototype should not be used in _____________.(a) Requirement not known (b) Small and typical project with well-defined requirements(c) Novel technology(d) High risk
It is the responsibility of __________ to evaluate the prototype and suggest additional requirements, if any.(a) End users (b) Analysts (c) Programmers(d) Managers
It is the responsibility of __________ to build prototype with suitable tool.(a) End users (b) Systems Analyst (c) Programmers(d) Managers
Which of the following is not a characteristic of prototype?(a) It is quick (b) It is relatively less expensive(c) It is reusable(d) None of these
Prototype begins with_______________.(a) Collection of known requirements(b) Rigorous and formal requirement elicitation(c) Evaluation of prototype(d) None of these
After evaluation of a prototype, which of the following actions are possible?(a) Accepting prototype and implementing it(c) Throw away the prototype build(b) Suggesting modification and improving the
Which of the following can be used as a prototype tool?(a) 4GL (b) Report generator (c) Screen generator(d) All of these
To develop a prototype sometimes _______________.(a) Only screens and interface of the system are developed(b) Only validations on users input are designed(c) Backup and security procedures are
Prototype is ________________.(a) Quick (b) Iterative (c) Reusable(d) All of these
_____________ is any device, procedure, or agent that, if used properly, improves efficiency of the tasks.(a) Program (b) User (c) Function(d) Tool
Full form of CASE is _____________.(a) Computer-Aided Software Engineering(b) Comprehensive Aimed Systems Engineering(c) Collective All Systems Engineering(d) Cost Added Systems Embedding
Example of front end tool is __________ kind of tool.(a) Analysis and fact finding (b) Code generator (c) Report generator(d) Screen generator
Example of a CASE tool is ____________.(a) Rational Rose (b) Turbo Analyst (c) Relational Designer(d) All of these
_____________ is a central (core) portion of a typical CASE tool.(a) Database (b) Knowledge base (c) Interface(d) Data dictionary (DD)
CASE tools typically suit ______________ approach of systems development.(a) Linear (b) Nonlinear (c) Spiral(d) Structured
CASE tools are dependent on __________, which can be its one of the limitations.(a) Diagrams (b) Standards (c) Developer environment(d) None of these
CASE tool is a/an _______________ type of tool useful for the systems development process.(a) Low level (b) High level (c) Integrated(d) Front end
To formulate logic design and actual code, __________ tools are used. (a) Proprietary (b) High level (c) Back end(d) Front end
To automate early activities in systems analysis and design __________ tools are used.(a) Report generator (b) Front end or high level (c) Test case generator(d) Screen generator
Which of the following activities is not supported by CASE?(a) Report generation (b) Screen generation(c) Diagrams(d) None of these
System design is specifying _____________ the suggested requirements can be met.(a) When (b) How (c) What(d) Where
At the beginning of the systems design, which of the following documents is/are available with Systems Analyst?(a) List of requirements and limitations of the current systems(b) Reports of
At the beginning of the systems design, which of the following documents is/are not available with Systems Analyst?(a) List of requirements (b) Program specifications(c) Layout charts(d) All of these
__________ is the element of a system that needed to be designed.(a) Input (b) Output (c) Interface(d) Input, output, and interface
Which of the following entities should be design first?(a) Input (b) Process (c) Output(d) Database
ACC_SV_2016 is the code give to a saving account of a bank opened in the year 2016. It is an example of _____________ input coding scheme.(a) Functional coding (b) Significant digit subset coding(c)
Which of the following is an example of category code?(a) BW_TV (b) A (meant for addition) (c) M_Tech_2016_007(d) None of these
Which of the following is not an output device?(a) Pen drive (b) Monitor (c) Printer(d) None of these
Which of the following is not an output?(a) Image scanned at source (b) Printed bill from system (c) Report provided to the manager on his monitor(d) None of these
Which of the following items should not be considered as an input to the system?(a) Data that system can retrieve(b) Data that system can calculate(c) Constant data(d) All of these
According to the software design principles, ____________ is to be minimized.(a) Coupling (b) Cohesion (c) Design effort(d) All of these
_____________ is defined as the internal strength of a module or binding within a module of a system.(a) Coupling (b) Cohesion (c) Design effort(d) None of these
__________ is defined as strength of relationship between the modules.(a) Coupling (b) Cohesion (c) Design effort(d) None of these
Reliability of a system is often expressed as ____________.(a) Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)(b) Reliability coefficient (c) Both Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) and reliability coefficient(d)
Which of the following is not a quality-related attribute for systems development?(a) Reliability (b) Portability (c) User-friendliness(d) None of these
___________ of a system can be described as an ability to modify the system for corrective actions and/or future requirements.(a) Maintainability (b) Interoperability (c) Portability(d) Reliability
Which of the following are approaches toward systems reliability?(a) Error avoidance (b) Error detection and correction(c) Error tolerance(d) All of these
During __________ maintenance, systems procedures and software are changed to accommodate new requirements, changed platform, infrastructure, and working environment.(a) Corrective (b) Adaptive (c)
For better interface, formatted and effective reports and other outputs from the system, etc., ____________ type of maintenance is required.(a) Corrective (b) Adaptive (c) Perfective(d) Any of these
Which of the following is not a quality assurance technique?(a) Certification (b) Validations and verification(c) Testing(d) Designing
_______________ type of testing is done on each module.(a) Unit (b) Alpha (c) Integrated(d) Beta
__________ testing can also be done on the system to verify that the old software/procedures of the system still run with new changes in the system.(a) Unit (b) Alpha (c) Regressive(d) Any of these
_________ is an example of a special systems test.(a) Unit test (b) Module test (c) Peak load test(d) Integrated test
Acceptability of a system is mainly dependent on ____________.(a) Programmers’ effort (b) Users’ requirements (c) User interface(d) Cohesion of modules
The testing of software module, without the knowledge of source code within it, is called _____________.(a) Glass box testing (b) Special systems test (c) Black box testing(d) Peak load testing
The testing technique that requires devising test cases to exercise the internal logic of a software module is called ___________.(a) Black box testing (b) Special systems testing (c) Glass box
__________ is the special systems test that determines the time duration to process transaction data.(a) Peak load testing (b) Performance time testing(c) Unit testing(d) Recovery testing
Systems efficiency is defined as ___________.(a) Doing the thing in right way(b) Doing right thing (c) Doing right thing in right way(d) Any of these
Systems effectiveness is defined as ___________.(a) Doing the right thing in right way(b) Doing right thing (c) Doing thing in right way(d) Any of these
From where test data (to test the system) are made available?(a) Live environment (b) Test libraries (c) Dummy data(d) All of these
_____________ requires training of the new system developed.(a) Users (b) Systems operators (c) Vendors(d) All of these
______________ approach of systems conversion gives double security with minimum amount of risk but causes high effort and time.(a) Direct (b) Parallel(c) Prototype(d) None of these
_____________ is responsible to plan and manage the conversion (converting old system into new system) activities.(a) Module leader (b) Tester (c) Conversion manager(d) User manager
To conduct post implementation review, _____________ methods are used.(a) Interview (b) Observation (c) Questionnaire(d) All of these
Ideally the ______________ phase of the systems development from the phases given below requires maximum efforts.(a) Testing (b) Documentation (c) Feasibility checking(d) All of these
_________ is a feature that must be added into the system to improve quality of the system.(a) Requirement(b) Computer(c) Code(d) All of these
Good requirements often lead to _________ system, but bad requirements always lead to the _________.(a) Good, bad(b) Bad, good(c) Good or bad, bad(d) Any of these
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