A monatomic gas follows the process 1 2 3 shown in Figure EX19.32. How much heat is needed for (a) Process 1 2 (b) Process 2 3? p (atm) 3- 2- 100C isotherm 3 -V (cm) 300 100 200 FIGURE EX19.32
A 6.0-cm-diameter cylinder of nitrogen gas has a 4.0-cm-thick movable copper piston. The cylinder is oriented vertically, as shown in Figure P19.50, and the air above the piston is evacuated. When...
A firefighting crew uses a water cannon that shoots water at 25.0 m/s at a fixed angle of 53.0 above the horizontal. The firefighters want to direct the water at a blaze that is 10.0 m above ground...
When a batted baseball moves with air drag, when does the ball travel a greater horizontal distance? (i) While climbing to its maximum height; (ii) While descending from its maximum height back to...
What is the purpose of the spin cycle of a washing machine? Explain in terms of acceleration components.
Consider a poor lost soul walking at 5 km/h on a hot day in the desert, wearing only a bathing suit. This persons skin temperature tends to rise due to four mechanisms: (i) Energy is generated by...
An ideal gas has a density of 1.33 10 -6 g/cm 3 at 1.00 10 -3 atm and 20.0C. Identify the gas.
A point charge q 1 = +5.00 C is held fixed in space. From a horizontal distance of 6.00 cm, a small sphere with mass 4.00 10 -3 kg and charge q 2 = +2.00 C is fired toward the fixed charge with an...
In the circuit shown in Fig. Q26.4, three identical light bulbs are connected to a flashlight battery. How do the brightnesses of the bulbs compare? Which light bulb has the greatest current passing...
You set up the circuit shown in Fig. 26.20, where C = 5.00 Ã 10 -6 F. At time t = 0, you close the switch and then measure the charge q on the capacitor as a function of the current i in the...
Calculate the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at point P due to the current in the semicircular section of wire shown in Fig. E28.34. Figure e28.34 R P
Consider the situation in Exercise 29.21. In part (a), find the direction of the force that the large circuit exerts on the small one. Explain how this result is consistent with Lenzs law. Data from...
Define the Stanton and Peclet numbers and their relationships to other dimensionless groups for convection mass transfer.
Which of the quantities listed below are flow properties and which are fluid properties? pressure temperature velocity density stress speed of sound specific heat pressure gradient
If the fluid of density p in Problem 1.3 obeys the perfect gas law, obtain the equation of state of the mixturethat is, P = f (p s , (RT/M) , p m , x). Will this result be valid if a liquid is...
On a certain day the barometric pressure at sea level is 30.1 in. Hg, and the temperature is 70F. The pressure gage in an airplane in flight indicates a pressure of 10.6 psia, and the temperature...
The float in a toilet tank is a sphere of radius R and is made of a material with density p. An upward buoyant force F is required to shut the ballcock valve. The density of water is designated p w ....
A liquid of density r flows through a sluice gate as shown. The upstream and downstream flows are uniform and parallel, so that the pressure variations at stations 1 and 2 may be considered hydro...
A water jet at 60°F with a flow rate of 250 ft 3 /s and a velocity of 75 ft/s hits a stationary V-shaped splitter such that half of the fluid is directed upward and the other half is directed...
In order to maneuver a large ship while docking, pumps are used to issue a jet of water perpendicular to the bow of the ship as shown in the figure. The pump inlet is located far enough away from the...
Assume that the level of water in the tank remains the same and that there is no friction loss in the pipe, entrance, or nozzle. Determine a. The volumetric discharge rate from the nozzle b. The...
Water in an open cylindrical tank 15 ft in diameter discharges into the atmosphere through a nozzle 2 in. in diameter. Neglecting friction and the unsteadiness of the flow, find the time required for...
A flat steel plate of 2.0 m length and 2.0 m width initially contains a very thin coating of light hydrocarbon lubricating oil (species A) used in a manufacturing process. An engineer is considering...
In Cartesian coordinates, show that may be written (v ¢ ). What is the physical meaning of the term (v ¢ )? + Vz dy
A wide moving belt passes through a container of a viscous liquid. The belt moves vertically upward with constant velocity v w , as illustrated in the figure. Because of viscous forces, the belt...
Consider steady, continuous, in-compressible, fully developed laminar flow of a Newtonian fluid in an infinitely long round pipe of diameter D inclined at an angle a. The fluid is not open to the...
A 0.25 m pump delivers 20C water (P v = 2.34 kPa) at 0.065 m 3 /s and 2000 rpm. The pump begins to cavitate when the inlet pressure is 82.7 kPa and the inlet velocity is 6.1 m/s. Determine the...
Determine the heat-transfer rate per square meter of wall area for the case of a furnace with inside air at 1340 K. The furnace wall is composed of a 0.106-m layer of fireclay brick and a 0.635-cm...
Solve Problem 15.1 for the case of the larger cross section exposed to the higher temperature and the smaller end held at 300 K. Data From Problem 15.1 An asbestos pad is square in cross section,...
Circular fins are employed around the cylinder of a lawn mower engine to dissipate heat. The fins are made of aluminum are 0.3-m thick, and extend 2 cm from base to tip. The outside diameter of the...
A 2-in.-OD stainless steel tube has 16 longitudinal fins spaced around its outside surface as shown. The fins are 1/16-in. thick and extend 1 in. from the outside surface of the tube. a. If the...
A blacktop road surface 18.3 m wide receives solar radiation at the rate of 284 W/m 2 at noon and 95 W/m 2 are lost by re-radiation to the atmosphere. A wind, at 300 K, flows across the road....
A fluorescent light bulb, rated at 100 W, is illuminated in air at 25C and atmospheric pressure. Under these conditions the surface temperature of the glass is 140C. Determine the rate of heat...
Air at 60F and atmospheric pressure flows inside a 1-in., 16-BWG copper tube whose surface is maintained at 240F by condensing steam. Find the temperature of the air after passing through 20 ft of...
Cooling water flows through thin-walled tubes in a condenser with a velocity of 1.5 m/s. The tubes are 25.4 mm in diameter. The tube-wall temperature is maintained constant at 370 K by condensing...
A single tube-pass heat exchanger is to be designed to heat water by condensing steam in the shell. The water is to pass through the smooth horizontal tubes in turbulent flow, and the steam is to be...
An oil having a specific heat of 1880 J/kg K enters a single-pass counter flow heat exchanger at a rate of 2 kg/s and a temperature of 400 K. It is to be cooled to 350 K. Water is available to cool...
A satellite may be considered spherical, with its surface properties roughly those of aluminum. Its orbit may be considered circular at a height of 500 miles above Earth. Taking the satellite...
Water enters a counter flow, double-pipe heat exchanger at a rate of 150 lb m /min and is heated from 60F to 140F by an oil with a specific heat of 0.45 Btu/lb m F. The oil enters at 240F and leaves...
Compressed air is used in a heat-pump system to heat water, which is subsequently used to warm a house. The house demand is 95,000 Btu/h. Air enters the exchanger at 200F and leaves at 120F, and...
Saturated steam at 373 K is to be condensed in a shell- and-tube exchanger; it is to enter as steam at 373 K and leave as condensate at approximately 373 K. If the NTU rating for the condenser is...
In a biofuels plant, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is used to cool a hot stream of 100% carbon dioxide off-gas from a beer column from 77C to 27C (350 to 300 K) at 1.2 atm total system pressure....
A radiation detector, oriented as shown in the sketch, is used to estimate heat loss through an opening in a furnace wall. The opening in this case is circular with a diameter of 2.5 cm. The detector...
Consider the following properties of the atmosphere of the planet Mars at a particular measurement point on the surface, as measured by the Mars Rover: Average surface pressure: 6.1 mbar Average...
A liquid flows over a thin, flat sheet of a slightly soluble solid. Over the region in which diffusion is occurring, the liquid velocity may be assumed to be parallel to the plate and to be given by...
A 500 g particle moving along the x-axis experiences the force shown in FIGURE EX9.21. The particles velocity is 2.0 m/s at x = 0 m. What is its velocity at x = 3 m? F; (N) 15 - 10- 5- -x (m) 0- 1...
A particle moving on the x-axis experiences a force given by F x = qx 2 , where q is a constant. How much work is done on the particle as it moves from x = 0 to x = d?
The drug patch shown in the figure in the next column releases a water-soluble epidermal growth factor (species A) to repair a specific region of wounded tissue on the human body. A slow release of...
A bio film reactor with a well-mixed liquid phase shown below will be used to treat wastewater contaminated with trichioroethylene (TCE) at a concentration 0.25 mg/L (1.9 mmole/m 3 , M TCE = 131.4...
Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from waste sources is a sustain able feed stock for chemicals production if new technologies can be developed to carry out the reduction of CO 2 , the most oxidized form of...
Many bio catalytic reactions are carried out with living cells as the bio catalyst. In some processes, the cells are immobilized within an agarose gel. However, living cells uniformly distributed...
The transient concentration profile c A (z,t) resulting from transient one-dimensional diffusion in a slab under conditions of negligible surface resistance is described by equation (27.16). Use this...
Spherical polymer beads of 3.0 mm (0.3 cm) diameter contain residual solvent from the polymer-casting process. Initially, the bead contains 0.20 wt% of residual solvent uniformly distributed within...
Living cells immobilized within an agarose gel require glucose to survive. An important aspect of the biochemical system design is the effective diffusion coefficient of glucose into the agarose gel...
The 100 kg block in FIGURE EX7.25 takes 6.0 s to reach the floor after being released from rest. What is the mass of the block on the left? The pulley is massless and frictionless. 100 kg | 1.0 m...
The coefficient of kinetic friction between the 2.0 kg block in FIGURE P7.38 and the table is 0.30. What is the acceleration of the 2.0 kg block? 2.0 kg 3.0 kg 1.0 kg FIGURE P7.38
In a gasliquid interface mass-transfer process, the bulk mole fraction composition of solute A in the inert carrier gas is 0.010, and the bulk mole fraction composition of solute A in the inert...
The 1.0 kg block in FIGURE EX7.24 is tied to the wall with a rope. It sits on top of the 2.0 kg block. The lower block is pulled to the right with a tension force of 20 N. The coefficient of kinetic...
Figure EX26.4 is a graph of E x . The potential at the origin is -50 V. What is the potential at x = 3.0 m? E, (V/m) 200 100 0+ -x (m) 3 1 FIGURE EX26.4 2.
Both batteries in Figure Q27.7 are ideal and identical, and all lightbulbs are the same. Rank in order, from brightest to least bright, the brightness of bulbs a to c. Explain. 000 000 FIGURE Q27.7
a. In FIGURE EX10.27, what minimum speed does a 100 g particle need at point A to reach point B? b. What minimum speed does a 100 g particle need at point B to reach point A? U (J) 5- 2- 0+ B FIGURE...
A particle that can move along the x-axis is part of a system with potential energy where A and B are positive constants. a. Where are the particles equilibrium positions? b. For each, is it a point...
A 200 g ball is dropped from a height of 2.0 m, bounces on a hard floor, and rebounds to a height of 1.5 m. FIGURE P11.41 shows the impulse received from the floor. What maximum force does the floor...
You are given the equation(s) used to solve a problem. For each of these, you are to a. Write a realistic problem for which this is the correct equation(s). b. Finish the solution of the problem,...
A 5.0 kg cat and a 2.0 kg bowl of tuna fish are at opposite ends of the 4.0-m-long seesaw of Figure EX12.32. How far to the left of the pivot must a 4.0 kg cat stand to keep the seesaw balanced? 2.0...
Your task in a science contest is to stack four identical uniform bricks, each of length L, so that the top brick is as far to the right as possible without the stack falling over. Is it possible, as...
What are the speed and altitude of a geosynchronous satellite orbiting Mars? Mars rotates on its axis once every 24.8 hours.
The two stars in a binary star system have masses 2.0 10 30 kg and 6.0 10 30 kg. They are separated by 2.0 10 12 m. What are a. The systems rotation period, in years? b. The speed of each star?
A 30-cm-tall, 4.0-cm-diameter plastic tube has a sealed bottom. 250 g of lead pellets are poured into the bottom of the tube, whose mass is 30 g, then the tube is lowered into a liquid. The tube...
FIGURE EX15.7 is the position-versus-time graph of a particle in simple harmonic motion. a. What is the phase constant?b. What is the velocity at t = 0 s?c. What is v max ? () 10- 5- 2 (s) 4 1 3 -5-...
A 200 g ball is tied to a string. It is pulled to an angle of 8.0 and released to swing as a pendulum. A student with a stopwatch finds that 10 oscillations take 12 s. How long is the string?
The amplitude of an oscillator decreases to 36.8% of its initial value in 10.0 s. What is the value of the time constant?
Astronauts in space cannot weigh themselves by standing on a bathroom scale. Instead, they determine their mass by oscillating on a large spring. Suppose an astronaut attaches one end of a large...
A uniform rod of mass M and length L swings as a pendulum on a pivot at distance L/4 from one end of the rod. Find an expression for the frequency f of small-angle oscillations.
A solid sphere of mass M and radius R is suspended from a thin rod, as shown in FIGURE CP15.77. The sphere can swing back and forth at the bottom of the rod. Find an expression for the frequency f of...
A spring is standing upright on a table with its bottom end fastened to the table. A block is dropped from a height 3.0 cm above the top of the spring. The block sticks to the top end of the spring...
FIGURE CP15.81 shows a 200 g uniform rod pivoted at one end. The other end is attached to a horizontal spring. The spring is neither stretched nor compressed when the rod hangs straight down. What is...
A hammer taps on the end of a 4.00-m-long metal bar at room temperature. A microphone at the other end of the bar picks up two pulses of sound, one that travels through the metal and one that travels...
A loudspeaker at the origin emits a 120 Hz tone on a day when the speed of sound is 340 m/s. The phase difference between two points on the x-axis is 5.5 rad. What is the distance between these two...
During takeoff, the sound intensity level of a jet engine is 140 dB at a distance of 30 m. What is the sound intensity level at a distance of 1.0 km?
A friend of yours is loudly singing a single note at 400 Hz while racing toward you at 25.0 m/s on a day when the speed of sound is 340 m/s. a. What frequency do you hear? b. What frequency does your...
A loudspeaker, mounted on a tall pole, is engineered to emit 75% of its sound energy into the forward hemisphere, 25% toward the back. You measure an 85 dB sound intensity level when standing 3.5 m...
Some modern optical devices are made with glass whose index of refraction changes with distance from the front surface. FIGURE CP16.84 shows the index of refraction as a function of the distance into...
A water wave is a shallow-water wave if the water depth d is less than /10. It is shown in hydrodynamics that the speed of a shallow-water wave is v = gd, so waves slow down as they move into...
A surveyor has a steel measuring tape that is calibrated to be 100.000 m long (i.e., accurate to 1 mm) at 20C. If she measures the distance between two stakes to be 65.175 m on a 3C day, does she...
0.10 mol of argon gas is admitted to an evacuated 50 cm 3 container at 20C. The gas then undergoes an isobaric heating to a temperature of 300C. a. What is the final volume of the gas? b. Show the...
A 1.0 m 1.0 m 1.0 m cube of nitrogen gas is at 20C and 1.0 atm. Estimate the number of molecules in the cube with a speed between 700 m/s and 1000 m/s.
At STP, what is the total translational kinetic energy of the molecules in 1.0 mol of (a) Hydrogen, (b) Helium, (c) Oxygen?
A particle in a box is in the ground level. What is the probability of finding the particle in the right half of the box? (Refer to Fig. 40.12, but dont evaluate an integral.) Is the answer the same...
How much heat is exhausted to the cold reservoir by the heat engine shown in FIGURE EX21.16? p (kPa) 225 J 300- 200- 90 J 100- V (cm') 0+ 300 600 FIGURE EX21.16
The ideal gas in a Carnot engine extracts 1000 J of heat energy during the isothermal expansion at 300C. How much heat energy is exhausted during the isothermal compression at 50C?
The gasoline engine in your car can be modeled as the Otto cycle shown in FIGURE CP21.73. A fuel-air mixture is sprayed into the cylinder at point 1, where the piston is at its farthest distance from...
A +12 nC charge is located at the origin. a. What are the electric fields at the positions (x, y) = (5.0 cm, 0 cm), (-5.0 cm, 5.0 cm), and (-5.0 cm, -5.0 cm)? Write each electric field vector in...
A 12 nC charge is located at (x, y) = (1.0 cm, 0 cm). What are the electric fields at the positions (x, y) = (5.0 cm, 0 cm), (-5.0 cm, 0 cm), and (0 cm, 5.0 cm)? Write each electric field vector in...
A 0.10 g honeybee acquires a charge of +23 pC while flying. a. The earths electric field near the surface is typically (100 N/C, downward). What is the ratio of the electric force on the bee to the...
What is the force F on the -10 nC charge in FIGURE P22.41? Give your answer as a magnitude and an angle measured cw or ccw (specify which) from the +x@axis. -15 nC 5.0 nC 3.0 cm (+) 1.0 cm -10 nC...
You sometimes create a spark when you touch a doorknob after shuffling your feet on a carpet. Why? The air always has a few free electrons that have been kicked out of atoms by cosmic rays. If an...
An electric field E = 200,000 in N/C causes the point charge in FIGURE P25.68 to hang at an angle. What is θ? | 25 nC (+) 2.0 g FIGURE P22.68
In Section 22.3 we claimed that a charged object exerts a net attractive force on an electric dipole. Lets investigate this. FIGURE CP22.77 shows a permanent electric dipole consisting of charges +q...
Two circular disks spaced 0.50 mm apart form a parallel plate capacitor. Transferring 3.0 10 9 electrons from one disk to the other causes the electric field strength to be 2.0 10 5 N/C. What are...