There has been a trend for professional sports franchises to build new stadiums and ballparks in urban, downtown venues. An article in Professional Geographer (Feb. 2000) investigated whether there has been a significant suburban-to-urban shift in the location of major sports facilities. In 1985, 40% of all major sports facilities were located downtown, 30% in a central city, and 30% in suburban areas. In contrast, of the 113 major sports franchises that existed in 1997, 58 were built downtown, 26 in a central city, and 29 in a suburban area.
a. Describe the qualitative variable of interest in the study. Give the levels (categories) associated with the variable.
b. Give the null hypothesis for a test to determine whether the proportions of major sports facilities in downtown, central city, and suburban areas in 1997 were the same as in 1985.
c. If the null hypothesis, part b, is true, how many of the 113 sports facilities in 1997 would you expect to be located in downtown, central city, and suburban areas, respectively?
d. Find the value of the chi-square statistic for testing the null hypothesis, part b.
e. Find the p-value of the test and give the appropriate conclusion in the words of the problem. Assume α = .05.