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588 CHAPTER 13 / EMBEDDED OPERATING SYSTEMS Review Questions 13.1. What is an embedded system? 13.2. What are some typical requirements or constraints on embedded systems? 13.3. What is an embedded OS? 13.4. What are some of the key characteristics of an embedded OS? 13.5. Explain the relative advantages and disadvantages of an embedded OS based on an existing commercial OS compared to a purpose-built embedded OS. 13.6. What is the target application for TinyOS? 13.7. What are the design goals for TinyOS? 13.8. What is a TinyOS component? 13.9. What software comprises the TinyOS operating system? 13.10. What is the default scheduling discipline for TinyOS? Problems 13.1. TinyOS's scheduler serves tasks in FIFO order. Many other schedulers for TinyOS have been proposed, but none have caught on. What characteristics of the sensornet domain might cause a lack of need for more complex scheduling? 13.2. a. The TinyOS Resource interface does not allow a component that already has a request in the queue for a resource to make a second request. Suggest a reason. b. However, the TinyOS Resource interface allows a component holding the re- source lock to re-request the lock. This request is enqueued for a later grant. Suggest a reason for this policy. Hint: What might cause there to be latency be- tween one component releasing a lock and the next requester being granted it