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business
organizational behavior

Questions and Answers of Organizational Behavior

Explain how governance failures such as Enron could happen. How might they be avoided?
Outline the major suggestions that have been set forth for improving corporate governance. In your opinion, which suggestions are most important? Why?
In what ways have companies taken the initiative in becoming more responsive to owners/stakeholders? Where would you like to see more improvement? Discuss.
Explain the relationship between corporate public policy and strategic management.
Which of the four strategy levels is most concerned with social, ethical, or public issues? Discuss the characteristics of this level.
Identify the steps involved in the strategic management process.
What is the difference between a social audit and a social performance report? Why are social performance reports increasing in popularity?
What is the difference between public relations and public affairs? Why has there been confusion regarding these two concepts?
Differentiate between a collaborative/problem-solving strategy and an individual/adversarial strategy. Which seems to be more effective in corporate public affairs?
What are the major ways in which public affairs might be incorporated into every manager’s job? Rank them in terms of what you think their impact might be.
Why do you think international public affairs is a major growth area? Give specific reasons for your answer.
Which of the major stages in the issues management process do you think is the most important? Why?
Following the approach indicated in Figure, identify a new issue category not listed in Figure. Identify several examples of “crises” that have occurred in recent years under each issue category.
Identify one example, other than those listed in Figure, of each of the leading force categories: events, authorities/advocates, literature, organizations, and politicaljurisdictions.
Identify a crisis that has occurred in your life or in the life of someone you know, and briefly explain it in terms of the four crisis stages: prodromal, acute, chronic, and resolution.
Do research on the impacts on business organizations of the attacks on the World Trade Center in New York and the scandals of the early to mid-2000s. What have been successful and unsuccessful
Give a definition of ethical business behavior, explain the components involved in making ethical decisions, and give an example from your personal experience of the difficulties involved in making
To demonstrate that you understand the three models of management ethics—moral, immoral, and amoral—give an example, from your personal experience, of each type. Do you agree that amorality is a
Give examples, from your personal experience, of Kohlberg’s Levels 1, 2, and 3. If you do not think you have ever gotten to Level 3, give an example of what it might be like.
Compare your motivations to behave ethically with those listed in Figure. Do the reasons given in that figure agree with your personal assessment? Discuss the similarities and differences between
From your personal experience, give an example of a situation you have faced that would require one of the six elements of moral judgment.
From your personal experience, give two examples of ethical dilemmas in your life. Give two examples of ethical dilemmas you have experienced as a member of an organization.
Using the examples you provided for question 1, identify one or more of the guides to personal decision making or ethical tests that you think would have helped you resolve your dilemmas. Describe
Which is most important in ethics principles— consequences/results or duty? Discuss.
Assume that you are in your first real managerial position. Identify five ways in which you might provide ethical leadership. Rank them in terms of importance, and be prepared to explain your ranking.
What do you think about the idea of codes of conduct? Give three reasons why an organization ought to have a code of conduct, and give three reasons why an organization should not have a code of
A lively debate is going on in this country concerning whether business ethics can or should be taught in business schools. Do you think business ethics can and should be taught? Be prepared to
Identify and prioritize the best practices for improving the organization’s ethical climate. What are the strengths and weaknesses of each?
Are there any benefits or negative side effects of technology in business that have not been mentioned in this chapter? Discuss.
Do you agree that society is intoxicated with technology? Does this pose special problems for business with respect to the ethics of technology? Will such intoxication blind people to ethical
Do you think business is abusing its power with respect to invasion of privacy of both consumers and employees? What about surveillance? Which particular practice do you think is the most
Is it an exaggeration to question the ethical implications for business of cell-phone and text-messaging use? Discuss both sides of this issue.
Do you think genetically modified foods raise a legitimate safety hazard? Should government agencies such as the FDA take more action to require safety testing? What about warning labels? Do you
Drawing on the notions of moral, amoral, and immoral management introduced in Chapter 7 categorize your impressions of (a) Nestlé, in the infant formula controversy and (b) Union Carbide, in the
As an MNC seeks to balance and honor the ethical standards of both the home and host countries, conflicts inevitably will arise. What criteria do you think managers should consider as they try to
Explain ISCT and the concepts of hypernorms and moral free space. Provide an example of each. What difficulties would a manager encounter in applying these concepts?
Differentiate between a bribe and a grease payment. Give an example of each.
Conduct research, for purposes of updating, the latest rankings of Transparency International and the activities of the OECD, UNCAC, and individual country initiatives. How could countries such as
What are the major strategies companies might employ in improving global business ethics? What are the key steps research has shown are important to successful company anticorruption efforts?
Briefly explain how business and government represent a clash of ethical systems (belief systems). With which do you find yourself identifying most? Explain. With which would most business students
Explain why the public is treated as a separate group in the interactions among business, government, and the public. Doesn’t government represent the public’s interests? How should the
What is regulation? Why does government see a need to regulate? Differentiate between economic and social regulation. What social regulations do you think are most important, and why? What social
What are the trade-offs between privatization and federalization? When would one or the other be more appropriate? What problems might you foresee?
Explain lobbying in your own words. Describe the different levels at which lobbying takes place. Why is there a lack of unity among the umbrella organizations?
What is a PAC? What are the major arguments in favor of PACs? What are the major criticisms of PACs? In your opinion, are PACs a good way for business to influence the public policy process? What
Explain the regulatory life cycle approach to political activism. Differentiate it from contingency approaches.
Discuss the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act and its likely effect on future elections. What further types of campaign financing reform would you recommend?
Discuss efforts by companies to circumvent governmental regulations. Is the use of legal loopholes ethical?
In addition to the basic consumer rights expressed in the consumer’s Magna Carta, what other expectations do you think consumer stakeholders have of business?
What is your opinion of the consumerism movement? Is it “alive and well” or is it dead? Provide evidence for your observations.
Give an example of a major abuse of advertising from your own observations and experiences. How do you feel about this as a consumer?
With which of the kinds of controversial advertising issues are you most concerned? Explain.
Identify the dimensions of quality. Give an example of a product or service in which each of these characteristics is important.
W hat ethical theories can help us to better understand the issue of quality? Discuss.
Identify the principal reasons why we have a product liability crisis. Have any reasons been omitted? Discuss.
Differentiate the doctrine of strict liability from the doctrines of absolute liability and market share liability. What implications do these views have for the business community and for future
Given the current business and consumer climate, what do you anticipate the future to be for the CPSC and the FDA? What role does politics play in your answer?
What is sustainability?
What are several of the most important environmental issues now receiving worldwide attention?
What are some of the causes of environmental pollution and depletion?
What is the future outlook for the natural environment?
Who has responsibility for addressing environmental issues?
How can ethics be applied in response to environmental issues?
What are some examples of sustainable business and decision models for addressing environmental concerns?
Should businesses and societies continue to focus on unlimited economic growth?
Outline the essential steps involved in developing a community action program.
Explain the pros and cons of community involvement and corporate philanthropy, provide a brief history of corporate philanthropy, and explain why and to whom companies give.
Differentiate among community partnerships, strategic philanthropy, cause-related marketing, and cause branding. Provide an example of each that is not discussed in the text.
Identify and discuss briefly what you think are the major trade-offs that firms face as they think about outsourcing, offshoring, or plant closings. When substantial layoffs are involved, what are
In your opinion, why does a business have a responsibility to employees and community stakeholders in a business-closing decision? Enumerate what you think are the major reasons.
Rank the various changes that are occurring in the workplace in terms of their importance to the growth of the employee rights movement. Briefly explain your ranking.
Explain the employment-at-will doctrine, and describe how it is being eroded. Do you think its existence is leading to a healthy or an unhealthy employment environment in the United States? Justify
In your own words, explain the right to due process. What are some of the major ways management is attempting to ensure due process in the workplace?
If you could choose only one, which form of alternative dispute resolution would be your choice as the most effective approach to employee due process? Explain.
How do you feel about whistle-blowing now that you have read about it? Are you now more sympathetic or less sympathetic to whistle-blowers? Explain.
What is your assessment of the value o the False Claims Act? What is your assessment of the value of the whistle-blower protections under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act?
In your own words, describe what privacy means and what privacy protection companies should give employees.
Enumerate the strengths and weaknesses of the polygraph as a management tool for decision making. What polygraph uses are legitimate? What uses of the polygraph are illegitimate?
What are the two major arguments for and against integrity testing by employers? Under what circumstances could management most legitimately argue that integrity testing is necessary?
How has technology affected workplace privacy? What are the implications for the social contract between firms and their employees?
How has the 9/11 tragedy affected workplace privacy? What are the long-term implications of that?
Which two of the four guidelines on the issue of privacy presented in this chapter do you think are the most important? Why?
Identify the privacy, health, and due-process ramifications of violence in the workplace and AIDS.
List the major federal discrimination laws and indicate what they prohibit. Which agency is primarily responsible for enforcing these laws?
Give two different definitions of discrimination, and provide an example of each.
What effect do you think the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is having on businesses? Explain your answer.
Explain the dilemma of affirmative action versus reverse discrimination. Do you think the Supreme Court is headed in the right direction for handling this issue? Explain.
To whom do you think preferential treatment should be given in university admissions? Explain your answer.
What are the major issues in this case? Assess Wal-Mart’s corporate social responsibility using the four-part CSR model. Is Wal-Mart socially responsible while it has a devastating impact on small
1. How does The Body Shop address the four components of corporate social responsibility? In The Body Shop, what tensions among these components are at work?2. Analyze the Body Shop’s power using
Most of Wal-Mart’s success has come at the expense of the small merchant. What should Wal-Mart do, if anything, to help other small businesses in the community survive? Why?The small town was in
1. How has The Body Shop continued to address the four components of corporate social responsibility?2. What is your assessment of The Body Shop’s response to Jon Entine’s Business Ethics
Sam Walton has been called a motivational genius. After reading this case, and with what you have observed at your local Wal-Mart store, explain how this motivational genius empowered the employee.
1. Has Anita Roddick betrayed her philosophy about advertising by beginning to advertise in U.S. markets? Does this decision have ethical implications? Or is it just a business decision?2. Would you
Some regard Wal-Mart as a leader in the area of corporate social responsibility. How do the “Buy American” program and the “Environmental Awareness” campaign illustrate this? Were these
1. What are the ethical issues in this case?2. Who are the stakeholders impacted by this situation? How would you rank their claims?3. Was the investigation into the recurring news leaks ethical? Why
Wal-Mart has closed five stores in its short history. What responsibility, if any, does Wal-Mart have to the employees who are let go? What about its loyal customers and the community?The small town
1. What are the ethical issues in this case?2. Who are the stakeholders impacted by this situation? How would you rank their claims?3. What is your reaction to Richard Grasso’s compensation
Wal-Mart is finding severe resistance to its expansion into New England and California. From Wal-Mart’s perspective, draw the stakeholder map. Define the true goals of the opponents of Wal-Mart.
1. Is character an essential ingredient in ethical leadership? Is it especially important in managers? In leadership, especially among CEOs, is character important? Why?2. Do you agree with the

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