1. From chapter 3, figure. Without looking back to the figure in chapter 3, speculate on which meningitis-causing organism you are seeing here. How could your presumptive diagnosis be confirmed?

2. From chapter 15, table. A vaccine used to immunize individuals against meningococcal meningitis is described as containing €œmeningococcal capsular polysaccharide antigens.€ Which of the vaccine production strategies shown in this illustration could be used to produce this vaccine? Explain youranswer.

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Killed Cell or Inactivated Virus Vaccine Heat or Administer stimulates chemicals Dead, but antigenicity is retained immunity but pathogen cannot multiply Ags Whole microbes stimulate immunity but cause no disease Live, Attenuated Cells or Viruses Virulence Administer is eliminated or reduced. Ags Alive, with same antigenicity Vaccine microbes can multiply and boost immune stimulation Viruses Bacteria Antigens stimulate immunity but no pathogen is present. Genetically Engineered Antigens Toxoids Protein Toxin Toxoid Plasmid containing foreign microbe antigen