1. Unless we reduce the incidence of child abuse, future crime rates will increase. (R, F)
2. If pharmaceutical makers conceal test results, they are subject to substantial fines. (P, S)
3. African safaris are amazing, but they are also expensive. (A, E)
4. Cigarette manufacturers are neither honest nor socially responsible. (H, S)
5. Psychologists and psychiatrists do not both prescribe antidepressant drugs. (O, I)
6. If health maintenance organizations cut costs, then either preventive medicine is emphasized or the quality of care deteriorates. (H, P, Q)
7. A necessary condition for a successful business venture is good planning. (S, G)
8. If heroin is legalized, then its use may increase but criminal activity will decline. (L, U, C)
9. Ozone depletion in the atmosphere is a sufficient condition for increased cancer rates. (O, I)
10. If affirmative action programs are dropped, then if new programs are not created, then minority applicants will suffer. (A, N, M)
11. If Internet use continues to grow, then more people will become cyber addicts and normal human relations will deteriorate. (I, M, N)
12. Human life will not perish unless either we poison ourselves with pollution or a large asteroid collides with the earth. (H, P, L)
13. Cooling a group of atoms to absolute zero and keeping them bunched together is a necessary and sufficient condition for producing a Bose-Einstein condensate. (C, K, P)
14. If motion pictures contain subliminal sex messages or if they challenge the traditional family, then conservative politicians call for censorship. (M, C, P)
15. Either clear-cutting in national forests is halted and old-growth trees are allowed to stand, or salmon runs will be destroyed and bird habitats obliterated. (C, O, S, B)
16. Three-strikes laws will be enforced and longer sentences imposed only if hundreds of new prisons are built, and that will happen only if taxes are increased. (T, L, H, I)
17. The Ebola virus is deadly, but it will become a major threat to humanity if and only if it becomes airborne and a vaccine is not developed. (E, M, A, V )
18. If evolutionary biology is correct, then higher life-forms arose by chance, and if that is so, then it is not the case that there is any design in nature and divine providence is a myth. (E, H, D, P)
19. If banks charge fees for teller-assisted transactions, then more people will use ATMs; and if that happens and ATM fees increase, then banks will close branches and profits will skyrocket. (B, M, F, C, P)
20. If corporate welfare continues, then taxpayer interests will be ignored and billions of tax dollars will go to giant corporations; and if the latter occurs, then there will not be anything left for the poor and the budget will not be balanced. (C, T, B, A, U)
Translate the following statements into symbolic form using uppercase letters to represent affirmative English statements. Use the letters given in parentheses to form the translations.