a. A repeated-measures study with a sample of n = 16 participants produces a mean difference of MD = 3 with a standard deviation of σ = 4.
Use a two-tailed hypothesis test with a = .05 to determine whether this sample provides evidence of a significant treatment effect.
b. Now assume that the sample standard deviation is σ = 12 and repeat the hypothesis test.
c. Explain how the size of the sample standard deviation influences the likelihood of finding a significant mean difference.