A data-processing company has a training program for new salespeople. After completing the training program, each trainee is ranked by his or her instructor. After a year of sales, the same class of trainees is again ranked by a company supervisor according to net value of the contracts they have acquired for the company. The results for a random sample of 11 salespeople trained in the previous year follow, where x is rank in training class and y is rank in sales after 1 year. Lower ranks mean higher standing in class and higher net sales.

Using a 0.05 level of significance, test the claim that the relation between x and y is monotone (either increasing or decreasing).
(a) What is the level of significance? State the null and alternate hypotheses.
(b) Compute the sample test statistic.
(c) Find or estimate the P-value of the sample test statistic.
(d) Conclude the test.
(e) Interpret the conclusion in the context of the application.

Person x rank y rank 2 34 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 6 8 11 25 7 3 9 4 9 10 16 78 1 10 35 2