A researcher uses a matched-subjects design to investigate whether single people who own pets are generally happier than singles without pets. A mood inventory questionnaire is administered to a group of 20- to 29-year-old non-pet owners and a similar age group of pet owners. The pet owners are matched one to one with the non-pet owners for income, number of close friendships, and general health. The data are as follows:

a. Is there a significant difference in the mood scores for non-pet owners versus pet owners? Test with α = .05 for two tails.
b. Construct the 95% confidence interval to estimate the size of the mean difference in mood between the population of pet owners and the population of non-pet owners. (You should find that a mean difference of μD = 0 is an acceptable value, which is consistent with the conclusion from the hypothesis test.)

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Matched Non-Pet Pet Pair Owner Owner A 12 14 B 10 13 D 9. 13 10 12