A study was conducted to determine whether a relationship existed between certain shareholder characteristics and the level of risk associated with the shareholders' investment portfolios. As part of the analysis, portfolio risk (measured by the portfolio beta) was divided into three categories: low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk; and the portfolios were cross-tabulated according to the three risk levels and seven family income levels. The results of the analysis, conducted using a random sample of 180 investors, are shown in the following contingency table. Test for the existence of a relationship between income and investment risk taking.

Portfolio Risk Level High Income Level ($) 0 to 60,000 61,000 to 100,000 101,000 to 150,000 151,000 to 200,000 201,000 to 250,000 251,000 to 300,000 301,000 and above Low Medium Total 4 30 20 63 51 20 4 10 12 13 180 0 Total 68 57