All four parts are independent of all other parts. Assume that all cash flows are after-tax cash flows.
a. Isaac Ramos is considering investing in one of the following two projects. Either project will require an investment of $20,000. The expected cash flows for the two projects follow. Assume that each project is depreciable.

b. Inka Laine is retiring and has the option to take her retirement as a lump sum of $450,000 or to receive $30,000 per year for 20 years. Inka's required rate of return is 6 percent.
c. Ahmad Sajadi is interested in investing in some tools and equipment so that he can do independent drywalling. The cost of the tools and equipment is $30,000. He estimates that the return from owning his own equipment will be $9,000 per year. The tools and equipment will last six years.
d. Patsy Folson is evaluating what appears to be an attractive opportunity. She is currently the owner of a small manufacturing company and has the opportunity to acquire another small company's equipment that would provide production of a part currently purchased externally. She estimates that the savings from internal production will be $75,000 per year. She estimates that the equipment will last 10 years. The owner is asking $400,000 for the equipment. Her company's cost of capital is 8 percent.
Required:
1. What is the payback period for each of Isaac Ramos's projects? If rapid payback is important, which project should be chosen? Which would you choose?
2. Which of Isaac's projects should be chosen based on the ARR?
3. Assuming that Inka Laine will live for another 20 years, should she take the lump sum or the annuity?
4. Assuming a required rate of return of 8 percent for Ahmad Sajadi, calculate the NPV of the investment. Should Ahmad invest?
5. Calculate the IRR for Patsy Folson's project. Should Patsy acquire the equipment?

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Year Project A Project B S 6,000 8,000 10,000 10,000 S 6,000 8,000 10,000 1 2 4 3,000 3,000 10,000