An article in the Davis (CA) Enterprise (April 1994) had the headline “Study: Fathers key to child’s success.” The article described the study as follows: “The research, published in the March issue of the Journal of Family Psychology, found that mothers still do a dis­proportionate share of child care. But surprisingly, it also found that children who gain the ‘acceptance’ of their fathers make better grades than those not close to their dads.” The article implies a causal link, with gaining father’s acceptance (the explanatory variable) resulting in better grades (the response variable). Choosing from the remaining six possibilities in Section 11.3 (reasons 2 through 7), give three other potential explanations for the observed connection.