Beale Management has a noncontributory, defined benefit pension plan. On December 31, 2018 (the end of Beale's fiscal year), the following pension-related data were available:

Projected Benefit Obligation ($ in millions)

Balance, January 1, 2018...............................................................$480

Service cost..................................................................................82

Interest cost, discount rate, 5%..........................................................24

Gain due to changes in actuarial assumptions in 2018..............................(10)

Pension benefits paid.......................................................................(40)

Balance, December 31, 2018...........................................................$536

Plan Assets

Balance, January 1, 2018...............................................................$500

Actual return on plan assets...............................................................40

(Expected return on plan assets, $45)

Cash contributions.............................................................................70

Pension benefits paid.....................................................................(40)

Balance, December 31, 2018.........................................................$570

January 1, 2018, balances:

Pension asset.................................................................................$ 20

Prior service cost-AOCI (amortization $8 per year) ..............................48

Net gain-AOCI (any amortization over 15 years).................................80

Required:

1. Prepare the 2018 journal entry to record pension expense.

2. Prepare the journal entry(s) to record any 2018 gains and losses.

3. Prepare the 2018 journal entries to record the contribution to plan assets and benefit payments to retirees.

4. Determine the balances at December 31, 2018, in the PBO, plan assets, the net gain-AOCI, and prior service cost-AOCI. Show how the balances changed during 2018. [Hint: You might find T-accounts useful.]

5. What amount will Beale report in its 2018 balance sheet as a net pension asset or net pension liability for the funded status of the plan?